接收机耦合雷电电磁脉冲抑制方法的研究  

Research on the Suppression Method of Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse Coupled by Receiver

作　　者：李祥超[1] 张其林[1] 陈良英[1] 张静[1] LI Xiangchao;ZHANG Qilin;CHEN Liangying;ZHANG Jing(Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters,Nanjing University of Information Science ＆ Technology,Nanjing 210044,China)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学气象灾害预报预警与评估协同创新中心,南京210044

出　　处：《电瓷避雷器》2018年第5期39-49,共11页Insulators and Surge Arresters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(编号:2081031201065)

摘　　要：针对雷电电磁脉冲可以通过天线耦合进入接收机并造成威胁的问题,利用试验和理论相结合的方法,建立了天线接收雷电电磁波信号的等效电路,分析了接收机耦合雷电电磁波的电压及能量分布规律,提出了利用各种保护器件来抑制接收机耦合雷电电磁波能量的抑制方法。试验结果表明:在接收机内部天线的馈电端并联保护器件后,天线的中心频率和带宽都略有变小,但天线的性能并未发生变化;中心频率越小的天线耦合雷电电磁波的电压幅值和能量越大,而中心频率越大的天线耦合雷电电磁波的电压幅值和能量越小;接收机内部天线的馈电端并联保护器件时,接收机耦合的雷电电磁波能量比馈电端不加保护器件时低两个数量级以上。馈电端并联保护器件可有效地抑制天线耦合雷电电磁波电压幅值及能量。试验结果与理论分析基本吻合。研究结果对抑制接收机耦合雷电电磁波能量具有一定的指导意义。In order to solve the problem of lightning electromagnetic wave coupled by antennas,the experiment and theories are combined to establish the equivalent circuit where antennas receive the lightning electromagnetic wave. After analyzing the voltage and energy distribution of lightning electromagnetic wave coupled by antennas,a new suppression method has been presented. The experimental results are shown as follows： observed from the S11 curves of antennas,the center frequency and bandwidth change slightly when the suppressors are in parallel with the feed port of antennas. The induced voltage amplitude and energy caused by the coupling of electromagnetic wave increase linearly with the decreases of the center frequency. The coupling energy reduces in two orders of magnitude compared with there is no suppression device. The suppressors can restrain the voltage and energy effectively. The experimental results have good agreement with that of the theory of equivalent circuit,and are of certain guiding significance on the energy of lightning electromagnetic signals coupled by antennas.

关 键 词：天线 耦合 雷电电磁脉冲 保护器件 S11曲线 

分 类 号：TN851[电子电信—信息与通信工程]