南亚热带典型针叶林改造成乡土阔叶林后林下植物功能群的变化及其环境解释  

Changes of plant functional group in understory and environmental interpretation in the transformation of typical coniferous plantation to native broadleaved species plantation in south subtropical China

作　　者：尤业明[1,2,3] 吴溪玭 明安刚 刘通[1] 陈永康 朱宏光 温远光 廖树寿[5] 黄雪蔓 YOU Ye-ming;WU Xi-pin;MING An-gang;LIU Tong;CHEN Yong-kang;ZHU Hong-guang;WEN Yuan-guang;LIAO Shu-shou;HUANG Xue.man(Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation,College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004,Guangxi,China;State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources,Nanning 530004,Guangxi,China;International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan,Key Laboratory of Science and Technology of Bamboo and Rattan,State Forestry Administration,Beijing 100102,China;Experiment Center of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestr,Pingxiang 532600,Guangxi,China;Guangxi Youyiguan Forest Ecosystem Research Station,Pingxiang 532600,Guangxi,China）.)

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院广西森林生态与保育重点实验室,南宁530004 [2]广西大学亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,南宁530004 [3]广西友谊关森林生态系统定位观测研究站,广西凭祥532600 [4]国际竹藤中心国家林业局竹藤科学与技术重点实验室,北京100102 [5]中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心,广西凭祥532600

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2018年第11期3194-3201,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31560201);广西自然科学基金项目(2015GXNSFBA139111;2016GXNSFBA380222);广西高等学校重大科研项目(201201ZD001)资助

摘　　要：把针叶林改造成珍贵乡土阔叶林,是近年来亚热带人工林常见的营林措施之一。为了探究这种营林措施对林下植物功能群的影响,通过调查该地区典型针叶林和珍贵乡土阔叶林的林下植被,对比了针叶林和阔叶林之间的林下植物物种丰富度和物种组成的差异,并和环境因子进行多元分析。结果表明:(1)阔叶林林下木本、禾草、蕨类和藤本功能群的物种丰富度相对针叶林有所减少,其中红椎(Castanopsis hystrix)和米老排(Mytilaria laosensis)林的木本和禾草功能群物种丰富度的下降达到显著水平(P <0.05);(2)主成分分析(PCA)结果表明,针叶林阔叶化后其林下植物功能群发生了明显的变化;(3)冗余分析(RDA)结果揭示了叶面积指数、平均叶倾角、土壤碳氮比、土壤全磷、凋落物碳氮比和透射系数是驱动林下植物功能群变化的主要因子,分别解释了林下植被功能群变异的33%、13%、6%、5%、2%和2%。(4)针叶阔叶化引起的冠层结构变化是导致林下植物功能群变异的主因,而土壤理化性质的变化对其影响较小。Transforming typical coniferous plantation to native broadleaved species plantation is a major management for plantation in subtropical China. To explore the effects of transforming coni- ferous to native broadleaved species plantation on the plant functional groups.in understory, we investigated the diversity and community composition of understory, and analyzed the role of environmental variables on understory functional groups by multivariable statistics in southern China. The richness of understory species （woody, gramineous, vern and vine groups） in the broadleaved plantations was lower than that in the coniferous plantations, especially for xylophyta andherb groups in the Castanopsis hystrix and Mytilaria laosenis plantations （P 〈 0.05 ）. The first principal component axis significantly separated the understory composition of plant functional groups between the coniferous and broadleaved plantations by Principal Component Analysis （PCA）. Leaf area index, average leaf angle, soil C/N, soil total phosphorus content, litterfall C/N and light transmittance well explained the variations in the understory plant functional groups by redundancy analysis （RDA）, with values of 33%, 13%, 6%, 5%, 2% and 2%, respectively. These results suggest that changes of canopy structure induced by forest transformation rather than soil physicochemical properties result in the variation of the understory plant functional groups.

关 键 词：针叶林 林下植物群落 功能群 环境解释 南亚热带 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]