滨海湿地植被-土壤相互作用及其对沉积环境分异的响应格局  

Interaction of vegetation-soil system and their response to spatial differentiation of sedimentation in coastal wetlands

作　　者：厉成伟 赵萌 陶燕东 钟胜财 于克锋 方淑波[1,2] LI Cheng-wei;ZHAO Meng;TAO Yan-dong;ZHONG Sheng-cai;YU Ke-feng;FANG Shu-bo(College of Marine Ecology and Environment,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Shanghai Colleges Water Environmental Engineering Center,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋生态与环境学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学上海高校水域环境生态工程研究中心,上海201306

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2018年第11期3305-3314,共10页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0506002);上海市海洋局科研项目(沪海科2015-02);国家重点基础研究计划项目(2013CB430400)资助

摘　　要：开展滨海湿地植被与土壤之间相互作用机制的研究对湿地植被修复工程的实践具有重要的指导意义。本文旨在解析海三棱藨草(Scirpus mariqueter)如何响应湿地土壤沉积环境的改变,并建立植被指数与土壤环境因子之间的统计关系模型。选择南汇东滩滩涂,采集了2015—2017年32个采样点的土壤理化参数数据及高程数据,以及7个采样点的海三菱藨草光谱反射率数据。采用相关分析、回归分析、ArcGIS空间分析等方法,探讨了植被指数、土壤理化参数及滩涂高程变化之间的相互作用。研究将高程变化与NDVI变化的幅度分为12个级别,取中值6作为分析的阈值。结果表明,高程变化值与NDVI变化值同时不低于6的区域占总区域面积的51.45%,主要集中在研究区东部,西部有小范围分布。80.45%的NDVI变化值为级别6及以上区域包含在滩涂高程变化值为级别6以上的区域里,同时,围垦后南汇东滩高程逐年增加,NDVI值也呈增加趋势。这表明,在一定范围里,滩涂高程与植被NDVI变化在空间动态里具有同步性。滩涂高程与土壤理化因子地统计分析表明,高程与土壤盐度、含水率具有统计显著性的空间相关性,土壤盐度、含水率是显著影响海三棱藨草群落空间分布的主导土壤因子。研究表明,沉积环境分异所导致的高程变化是海三棱藨草空间分布的主要控制因素,而基于NDVI的植被指数研究有利于从宏观上把握植被群落的变化及扩散的整体格局动态。Understanding vegetation-soil interaction in costal wetland is essential for coastal vegetation rehabilitation. In this study, we analyzed the response of Scirpus mariqueter to the spatial variation of coastal sedimentation and to establish the relationship between vegetation index and soil physicochemical parameters. We collected the data of soil physicochemical parameters and elevation of 32 soil samples in 2015 and 2017 and spectral sampling locations with high-density vegetation cover in the in Shanghai The interaction between vegetation index and reflectance of S. mariqueter in seven east tidal fiat of Nanhui coastal area soil physicochemical properties and their response to tidal fiat elevation were analyzed using correlation analysis, regression analysis, and spatial analysis by ArcGIS. Amplitude of elevation and NDVI variations was classified into 12 grades, with median 6 as the threshold for analysis. Results showed that the proportion of area with both NDVI and elevation variation amplitudes of no less than 6 was 51.45%. Most of these areas were located at the eastern part of the study site. 80.45% of area with NDVI variation amplitude of greater than 6 was included in the area with elevation variation amplitude of greaterthan 6. Moreover, both elevation and NDVI synchronously increased year by year after reclama- tion. Soil salinity and soil moisture were spatially correlated with tidal flat elevation, and both of them were the controlling factors for the spatial distribution of S. mariqueter. Our results suggested that the variation of tidal elevation caused by sedimentary environmental differentiation was the key factor controlling S. mariqtteter spatial vide a holistic approach to understand the expansion. NDVI-based vegetation analysis could pro- overall dynamics of vegetation change and dispersal.

关 键 词：海三菱藨草 NDVI 土壤理化因子 滩涂高程 空间分布 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]