社会政策视域下的日本农村振兴路径  

The Path of Japanese Rural Revitalization from the Perspective of Social Policy

作　　者：周维宏 Zhou Weihong

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学日本学研究中心

出　　处：《日本学刊》2018年第5期123-141,共19页Japanese Studies

基　　金：山东省高校人文社会科学研究计划项目"日本村落营农组织的实践及对我国农民专业合作社发展的启示"(编号:J17RA204)

摘　　要：农业生产受到自然规律和经济规律的制约,在产业经济发展中一直处于弱势地位。20世纪50年代起,发达国家兴起了一场世界规模的农村振兴运动,日本也紧随其后。实现农村振兴通常存在经济政策和社会政策两种路径,前者备受关注,后者的相关讨论却不多。关于战后日本农村振兴社会政策路径的讨论可以归纳为"农民经济组织农村垄断地位政策"、"农村公共服务健全政策"和"农业的社会产业地位政策"。这些政策从观念和社会共识的形成出发,依托相关制度的建立和实施,对农村振兴发挥了巨大作用。紧跟世界先进理念和思想潮流、使农民在社会政治中拥有自己的组织和代表,是日本农村振兴社会政策路径顺利形成、实施并取得巨大成效的重要保证。The agricultural production is restricted by the laws of nature and economy, and has been in a weak position in the development of industrial economy. Since the 1950s, a worldwide rural revitalization movement has emerged in developed countries, with Japan having followed the trend. There are paths of economic and social policies in the rural revitalization, with the economic policies being widely studied and social policies being less discussed. The discussion on the paths of social policies relating to Japanese rural revitalization in Japan since the end of WWII can be summarized as ＂the policy of the monopoly of farmers＇ economic organization＂, ＂the policy of constructing rural public service＂ and ＂the policy of the social and industrial status of agriculture＂ . Those policies above, on the basis of concepts and social consensus and through establishing and implementing related systems, have played a great role in Japan＇s rural revitalization. Keeping up with the world＇s advanced ideas and ideological trends and making sure that farmers have. their own organizations and representatives in social politics are imprtant guarantee for the successful implementation of the social policies for Japanese rural revitalization.

关 键 词：社会政策 农村振兴 农民经济组织 公共服务 社会产业 

分 类 号：K313.4[历史地理—历史学]