市场转型与中国乡村内部的代谢断层  

Market Transformation and the Metabolic Rift in Chinese Rural Communities

作　　者：刘春燕[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]上海大学社会学系、上海市高校人文社会科学重点研究基地 [2]上海大学中国社会转型与社会组织研究中心

出　　处：《中国研究》2009年第1期81-97,共17页China Studies

基　　金：上海市教委规划课题“遭遇社会的中国乡村经济研究”的阶段成果之一;上海市重点学科建设项目资助

摘　　要：马克思将西方社会中土壤退化和城市污染两种不同的环境问题联系起来,认为资本主义的社会断层,即大工业和大农业分离导致的城乡断裂,以及大农业生产方式中农场主与雇农关系的断裂,是代谢断层的根源.但这一理论不能很好地解释中国社会转型过程中出现的“乡村内部的代谢断层”现象.中国乡村社会的分化被局限在它的内部,没有出现大工业和大农业的生产方式,社区断裂是乡村内的代谢断层产生的原因。By linking up two different ecological crises in western countries——the depletion of soil fertility in rural area and the pollution in urban area,Marx argued that the"social rift"of capitalism,i. e.,the rift between urban and rural areas caused by the separation of intensive industry and intensive agriculture and the rift between landowners and tenant farmers in intensive agriculture,is the fundamental reason for metabolic rift. This paper argues that Marx’s theory cannot properly explain the metabolic rift within villages now happening in China. In the context of post-socialist transformation,the social rift in China today is restricted to the interior of rural communities that have neither intensive industrial production nor intensive agriculture. The author then suggests that the metabolic rift in Chinese villages today is mainly caused by "communal rift".

关 键 词：市场转型 乡村社区断裂 代谢断层 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济] C912.82[社会学]