基层治理的行动逻辑与乡村自主——以黄江县“秸秆禁烧”事件为例  

Coerced State: the Action Logics of Grassroots Governance and Rural Autonomy——Taking“Straw Burning Ban”in Huangjiang as an Example

作　　者：田雄[1] 郑家昊[2] 

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学社会学系 [2]陕西师范大学行政管理学系

出　　处：《中国研究》2017年第1期119-135,共17页China Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“中国特色社会主义社会管理体系研究”(11&ZD070);国家社科基金青年项目“治理能力现代化视阈下政府职能履行方式研究”(14CZZ003)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：国家非常态化的＂运动式治理＂研究未能将社会的因素作为分析重点,国家常态化的治理结构与治理方式特征与民众的关系探讨也较为宏观。本文将＂国家人类学＂视角和＂制度与生活＂视角相结合,通过秸秆禁烧事件来探讨国家与乡村社会当前呈现的关系特征,试图弥补以往研究的不足。在国家与社会重叠领域的乡村,国家仍希望通过官僚组织体系常态化的＂运动式治理＂来组织动员基层干部执行上级命令,进而要求农民行为与国家目标保持一致,但国家治理逻辑与基层干部以及农民行动逻辑并非完全一致,其结果是形成了治理＂内卷化＂。这种＂内卷化＂和目标差异化源于乡村社会的自主性,导致其与国家产生博弈,进而使国家有着不同的治理结构和治理方式。这种＂被裹挟＂的状态与国家自身治理体系和治理能力改革迟滞密切相关。The Non-normal national"Campaign-style Governance"research failed to analyze the social factors as the key points. Discussions on normal governance structure and governance manner between people and nation are also comparatively macroscopic.Combining with the perspective of"national anthropologist"and"System and life",through the event of strawburning ban,the paper discusses the current relation features between nation and rural society,trying to make up the defect of previous research. In overlap area of nation and society,the nation still hopes to regulate the grassroots cadres and even requires farmers’ behavior to consist with nation’s requirement through the internal and external control of bureaucracy system. However,national governance and grassroots cadres as well as farmers’ action logics are inconsistent,which leads to form governance "involution". This kind of"involution"and target differentiation derives from rural autonomy and it causes to coerced nation,which, therefore, results in different governance structure and governance manner. And this is just due to the sluggish reforms of governance system and management abilities.

关 键 词：国家人类学 官僚科层制 基层干部 行动逻辑 博弈 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学]