松嫩平原盐碱地玉米秸秆腐解规律试验研究  

Decaying Law of Corn Stalk Under Saline Alkali Soil in Songnen Plain

作　　者：刘少东[1] 汪春[1,2] 姜薇 刘丹[1] LIU Shao-dong;WANG Chun;JIANG Wei;LIU Dan(College of Engineering,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China;South Subtropical Crops Institute,CATAS,zhanjiang 524091,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院,黑龙江大庆163319 [2]中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所,广东湛江524091

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2018年第11期20-25,共6页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省大庆市科技局资助项目(zd-2016-111);黑龙江八一农垦大学校内培育课题资助项目(XZR2015-04)

摘　　要：秸秆腐解受环境因素影响,针对在松嫩平原高寒气候及盐碱土条件下玉米秸秆翻埋腐解规律问题,选取腐解时间、秸秆破碎长度及翻埋深度为因素,设计4因素3水平正交试验并用网袋法进行大田试验,测试秸秆腐解速率和土壤中碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾、有机质及pH变化规律。结果表明:盐碱土条件下,不同翻埋深度和不同破碎程度的玉米秸秆150d平均腐解率达到66.8%,整体腐解程度较高。秸秆腐解速度与多项因素有关,秸秆长度短于6cm、埋深10cm可达到较好的腐解效果。秸秆翻埋还田后,土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾均有较大幅度增加,秸秆翻埋早期土壤有效磷和速效钾增加较快,土壤碱解氮后期增加较快,但土壤有机质提升及pH改善有限。The decomposition of corn is affected by environment.Aiming at the law of decomposition of corn stalk under the conditions of alpine climate and saline-alkali goil in Songnen plain,we took the decomposition time,straw crushing length and burial depth as factors,the 4 factor and 3 level orthogonal experiment was designed to determine the law of straw decomposition and nutrient release.The test results show that,the decomposition rate of straw 150 d reached 66.8%.Straw decomposition rate is related to a number of factors.Straw length shorter than 6cm and depth of 10 cm can achieve better decomposition effect.Soil alkaline nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium increased significantly,but soil organic matter and pH were limited.

关 键 词：盐碱地 玉米秸秆 腐解时间 破碎长度 翻埋深度 腐解规律 养分释放 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]