地布覆盖对苹果园土壤理化性质及杂草生长的影响  

Effects of ground cloth mulching on soil physical and chemical properties and weed growth in apple orchard

作　　者：李寒[1,2] 郝赛鹏 郭素萍 齐国辉[1,2] 张雪梅 孙萌[1,2] LI Han;HAO Saipeng;GUO Suping;QI Guohui;ZHANG Xuemei;SUN Meng(College of Forestry,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China;Research Center for Walnut Engineering and Technology of Hebei,Lincheng 054300,China;City Service Property Services Limited Company,Beijing 100015,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071000 [2]河北省核桃工程技术研究中心,河北临城054300 [3]幸福基业物业服务有限公司,北京100015

出　　处：《林业与生态科学》2018年第4期402-407,共6页Forestry and Ecological Sciences

基　　金：河北省科技支撑计划项目(16236807D)

摘　　要：为探明地布覆盖对苹果园土壤理化性质及杂草生长状况的影响,2016年在河北省邢台县浆水镇前南峪村苹果示范基地,以6a生‘烟富3号’苹果树为试材,采用田间调查、室内分析等方法研究了不同管理措施对土壤理化特征及杂草抑制率的影响,结果表明:地布覆盖处理0～20cm、20～40cm、40～60cm土层的土壤容重分别为1.41g/cm^3、1.45g/cm^3、1.49g/cm^3,较对照分别降低了6.0%、4.6%、2.6%;最大持水量分别为29.29%、28.51%、26.62%,较对照分别提高了9.9%、11.7%、4.6%;地布覆盖在0～20cm、20～40cm、在40～60cm土层土壤有机质含量分别为5.00g/kg、3.74g/kg、2.43g/kg,较对照分别提高了25.0%、19.5%、15.2%;2种土壤管理处理各土壤养分含量在0～40cm土层差异显著,在40～60cm土层差异不显著;地布覆盖处理区杂草抑制率达到100%,节省了除草用工。In order to study the effects of ground cloth mulching on soil physical and chemical properties and weed growth, 6‘Yanfu 3 ’apple trees were used as study materials, which were planted in apple demonstration base in Qiannanyu village, Jiangshui township, Xingtai county, Hebei province. Field investigation and laboratory analysis methods were used to study the soil physical and chemical properties, and weed rejection rate at different soil man agements. The results showed that： the soil bulk densities of 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm and 40- 60 cm soil layers in cloth mulching treatments were 1.41 g/cm3 , 1.45 g/cm3 and 1. 49 g/ cm3 ,which were reduced by 6.0%, 4.6% and 2.6% ; and the maximum water capacity were 29.29%, 28.51%, 26.62%, which were increased 9.9%, 11.7% and 4.6% compared with control. The soil organic contents of 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm soil layer in cloth mulching treatments were 5.00 g/kg, 3. 74 g/kg and 2.43 g/kg,which increased 25.0%, 19.5% and 15. 2% compared with control. The soil nutrient contents in cloth mulching treatments were significantly higher than those of no mulching treatments, while there had no significant difference in 40-60 cm soil layer between the two treatments. The weed rejection rate was 100%, which saved the weeding labor.

关 键 词：苹果 省力化 土壤管理 理化性质 杂草抑制率 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]