以电动汽车供应链为依托的充电站建设模式研究  

Optimal Building Policies of Charging Stations with Automobile Supply Chain Analysis

作　　者：王田 邓世名[2] WANG Tian;DENG Shi-ming(School of Business Administration,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan 430073,China;School of Management,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学工商管理学院,湖北武汉430073 [2]华中科技大学管理学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《中国管理科学》2018年第10期152-163,共12页Chinese Journal of Management Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71701073,71671075,71320107001)

摘　　要：有限续航里程引起的消费者焦虑度阻碍着电动汽车的推广,如何有效地投资建设充电站是解决这一问题的关键。本文考虑两种以汽车供应链为依托的充电站建设模式,制造商主导和分销商主导,并分别在批发价为外生或内生两种情况下得出最优定价策略和建设策略及其与各类参数间的灵敏度分析。批发价外生时：在电动汽车市场发展的初级阶段,制造商主导更利于电动汽车的推广,然而制造商并没有主动投资的动机;当电动汽车市场足够成熟后,分销商主导更利于电动汽车的推广,然而分销商只会在充电站建设成本足够低时才有主动投资的意愿。批发价内生时：制造商主导更利于电动汽车的推广,并且制造商在充电站建设成本较高时仍然有投资意愿。本文从供应链的角度解释了充电站布局缓慢的原因,并为政府提供了一定管理启示。Greenhouse gases and criteria pollutants from transportation vehicles harm our green environ ment. Electric vehicles （EVs） house gas emissions. hicl ty, EV es （electricity） is Switching the goal o offer the c great potential to dramati onventional transportation f the governments in which is caused by the very limited driving rang s. The question of alleviating range anxiety has doption level of EVs. cally reduce local air pollution and green- vehicles （petroleum） to alternative fuel ve- China, the U. S. and e of EVs, impedes po Europe. However, range anxie- tential co become increasingly important nsumers from adopting for achieving a large a- As the associated charging infrastructure building plays a key role in affecting the psychological under- standing of consumers. The extension of charging network is an approach to alleviate consumers- range anxiety and to increase the EV adoption level. The automobile supply chain members, EV manufacturers and EV dealers, have incentives to offer building investment on charging network because that the expan- sion of charging ability on the road increases the willingness to pay of potential consumers, which may ena- ble them to sell more cars and set higher prices. Two business models, M-Building （manufacturers take the charge of the building） and D-Building （dealers take the charge of the building） are considered and finding which one, the EV manufacturer of the EV dealer, is more suitable to take the charge of building charging network for larger EV adoption level is focused on. In addition, the preferences of the manufac- turer and the dealer on the choices between M-Building and D-Building are also provided. Specifically, the Stackelberg Game is used to model the question in two scenarios, wholesale price is fixed or a decision made by the manufacturer. Optimal pricing and building strategies are obtained through sequential backward induction. Used values in the numerical studies are normalized by satisfying our model specifics. Our conclusions s

关 键 词：电动汽车 里程焦虑度 充电站建设 汽车供应链 

分 类 号：C93-03[经济管理—管理学]