木霉制剂在西瓜土壤中定殖能力及其对根际土壤微生物区系的影响  

Colonization Ability of Trichoderma harzianum Preparation and Effects on Microflora in Rhizosphere Soil of Watermelon

作　　者：张丽荣 陈杭[2] 康萍芝 杜玉宁 张治科 ZHANG Lirong;CHEN Hang;KANG Pingzhi;DU Yuning;ZHANG Zhike(Institute of Plant Protection,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Ningxia Key Laboratory of Plant Disease and Pest Control,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002;Institute of Agricultural Products Quality Standards and Technology,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院植物保护研究所,宁夏植物病虫害防治重点实验室,宁夏银川750002 [2]宁夏农林科学院农产品质量标准与技术研究所,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《北方园艺》2018年第21期49-53,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金资助项目(NZ16100); 国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项资助项目(201503110-08)

摘　　要：以连作8年的西瓜土壤为试材,采用盆栽试验方法,利用传统平板菌落计数法研究了施用4种木霉制剂后对西瓜根际的定殖能力,及其对根际土壤微生物区系和尖孢镰刀菌的影响。结果表明:施用4种木霉制剂后改变了西瓜根际土壤微生物种群数量,其中以Ty3制剂处理效果最为突出。施入42d时,与对照相比,西瓜根际土壤细菌和放线菌数量分别增加82.35%和295.23%;而真菌数量和尖孢镰刀菌数量减少24.29%和24.16%;定殖试验结果表明,Ty3制剂施入14d时,木霉在西瓜根际土壤中的定殖量最大,比对照增加14 077.08%,之后基本保持稳定,施入56d时仍比对照高出156.7倍。表明木霉制剂施用后可显著提高西瓜根际土壤中有益微生物数量,有效抑制尖孢镰刀菌数量的增长,减轻了连作障碍的根际微生态效应。The soil of watermelon with continuous cropping 8 years was used as the test material,the colonization ability of 4 kinds of Trichoderma harzianum preparation in rhizosphere of watermelon was studied by using the traditional plate colony counting method,and its influence on rhizosphere soil microbial flora and Fusarium oxysporum was investigated by pot experiment.The results showed that the number of microbial populations in rhizosphere soil of watermelon was changed after the application of 4 Trichoderma harzianum preparation,and the effect of Ty3 preparation was the most prominent.The number of bacteria and actinomycetes in rhizosphere soil increased by 82.35% and295.23%,respectively,compared with the control,and the number of fungi and Fusarium oxysporum decreased by 24.29% and 24.16%.The results of colonization test showed that the colonization of Trichoderma harzianum preparation in the rhizosphere soil of watermelon was the largest in the 14 days,and the Ty3 was increased by 14 077.08%,then basically remained stable,and was 156.7 times higher than control when applied for 56 days.The results showed that Trichoderma harzianum preparation could significantly increase the number of beneficial microorganisms in rhizosphere soil of watermelon,effectively inhibit the growth of the number of Fusarium oxysporum and reduce the rhizosphere micro-ecological effect of continuous cropping obstacle.

关 键 词：木霉制剂 西瓜 定殖能力 根际土壤微生物 

分 类 号：S651.606.1[农业科学—果树学]