根际CO2积累对薄皮甜瓜生长、根系伤流及氮同化的影响  

Effect of Root-zone CO_2 Accumulation on Plant Growth,Root Bleeding Sap and Nitrogen Assimilation of Oriental Melon

作　　者：尹杨 许传强[1] 李璇 赵曦[1] 刘义玲[1] YIN Yang;XU Chuanqiang;LI Xuan;ZHAO Xi;LIU Yiling(College of Horticulture,Shenyang Agriculture University/Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture,Ministry of Education/National＆ Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design ＆ Application Technology,Shenyang,Liaoning 110866)

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,设施园艺省部共建教育部重点实验室,北方园艺设施设计与应用技术国家地方联合工程研究中心,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《北方园艺》2018年第21期107-114,共8页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31101582); 现代农业产业技术体系国家西甜瓜产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-25); 辽宁省教育厅资助项目(LXBZX201701); 沈阳市重点研发专项资助项目(17-143-3-00)

摘　　要：以‘彩虹7号’薄皮甜瓜为试材,采用气雾法栽培,通过根际CO_2自动控制系统,研究了根际5种CO_2浓度(370、2 000、3 000、4 000、5 000μL·L-1)处理下薄皮甜瓜幼苗植株生长、根系伤流量、伤流液电导率、伤流液氮含量及氮代谢相关酶活性的变化,以期明确根际CO_2积累影响甜瓜生长及根系养分吸收的变化规律。结果表明:根际2 000μL·L-1及以上高浓度CO_2处理与370μL·L-1 CO_2(对照)相比,植株生长受到抑制,CO_2浓度越高抑制程度越大。处理第10天时,甜瓜的株高、茎粗、根系长度和根系体积均显著低于对照。甜瓜根系总吸收面积、活跃吸收面积和根系活力在2 000、3 000、4 000、5 000μL·L-1高浓度CO_2处理期间均表现先升高后降低的变化趋势。处理第5天时,根系吸收能力不同程度高于对照。处理第10天时,根际高浓度CO_2处理的根系总吸收面积和活跃吸收面积与对照相比显著降低。根系活力的变化相对滞后,从处理第15天开始显著低于对照。根际2 000μL·L-1及以上高浓度CO_2处理第25天时,甜瓜根系伤流量、伤流液的电导率和pH均随根际CO_2浓度的升高而降低。且高浓度CO_2处理的甜瓜根系伤流液中氮积累量和可溶性蛋白质含量显著低于对照。根系伤流液中H+-ATP酶、硝酸还原酶(NR)、谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)、谷氨酸合酶(GOGAT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)和谷丙转氨酶(GPT)等氮代谢相关酶活性显著降低。薄皮甜瓜根际CO_2浓度长期(≥10d)超过2 000μL·L-1会抑制幼苗生长、根系伤流量及根系对氮的吸收、同化能力。The oriental melon ‘Caihong 7＇was taken as material,the study was carried to investigate the changes of seedling growth,root bleeding sap,bleeding sap conductance and nitrogen uptake and metabolism related enzyme activity by the aeroponics culture CO2 automatic system in five CO2 concentrations（370μL·L^-1,2 000μL·L^-1,3 000μL·L^-1,4 000μL·L^-1 and 5 000μL·L^-1）during seedling growth period of oriental melon.In order to clear the change regularity that rhizosphere CO2 accumulation affecting melon growth and root absorption of nutrients.The results showed that the seedling growth was inhibited in treatments of root-zone CO2 concentration of2 000μL·L^-1 or above compared with the treatment of CO2 concentration of 370μL·L^-1（control）,the higher CO2 concentration,the greater inhibition.On the tenth day after treatments,plant height,stem diameter,root length and root volume were decreased significantly compared with those of control.And the total root absorption area and active absorption area were increased first and then decreased during the treatment days with root-zone CO2 concentration of 2 000μL·L^-1,3 000μL·L^-1,4 000μL·L^-1,5 000μL·L^-1.On the fifth day after treatments,root absorption capacity was higher than that of the control as different level.On the tenth day after treatments,the total root absorption area and active absorption area were significantly lower than the control.The change of root activity relatively laggard was significantly lower than the control from the fifteenth day.On the twenty-fifth day after treatments,the bleeding sap intensity,bleeding sap conductance and pH were reduced significantly.And that nitrogen accumulation and soluble protein content in bleeding sap of melon were significant decreased in root-zone 2 000μL·L^-1 CO2 or above concentration treatment.The activities of nitrogen metabolism related enzyme as H＋-ATP enzyme,nitrate reductase（NR）,glutamine synthetase（GS）,glutamate synthase（GOGAT）,glutamic acid oxaloacetate transaminas

关 键 词：根际CO2浓度 薄皮甜瓜 植株生长 根系伤流 氮同化 

分 类 号：S624[农业科学—园艺学]