生态环境损害赔偿诉讼的公共信托理论阐释——自然资源国家所有和公共信托环境权益的二维构造  

Ecological and Environmental Damage Actions from the Perspective of Public Trust Theory: A Two-dimension Theoretical Framework of Natural Resources State Ownership and Public Trust Environmental Rights and Interests

作　　者：王小钢[1] WANG Xiaogang(Law School,Jilin University,Changchun Jilin 130012,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学法学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《法学论坛》2018年第6期32-38,共7页Legal Forum

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目<基于风险的环境治理多元共治体系研究>(15ZDC031)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：公共信托理论的历史源头是古代罗马法上的公众共用物概念。公共信托理论涉及公共信托自然资源、公众的公共信托权益和政府的公共信托义务三个核心要素。在公共信托理论视角下,我国生态环境损害赔偿诉讼具有自然资源国家所有和公共信托环境权益的二维构造:自然资源国家所有原则是生态环境损害赔偿诉讼的程序性权利来源;公共信托环境权益是生态环境损害赔偿诉讼的实体性权利诉求。地方政府仅能在涉及国家所有自然资源的生态环境损害事项上提起生态环境损害赔偿诉讼。地方政府提起生态环境损害赔偿诉讼并不必然优先于社会组织提起环境民事公益诉讼。The theory of public trust derives from the concept of Res Commu＇s in ancient Roman law. The theory consists of three core elements： public trust natural resources, public trust environmental rights and interests, and governmental duty on public trust. There is a two-dimension structure of natural resources state ownership and public trust environmental rights and interests in the ecological and environmental damage action. The standing of the ecological and environmental damage action which aims at protecting public trust environmental rights and interests derives from the principle of natural resources state ownership. Local governments can only initiate an ecological and environmental damage action concerning state-owned natural resources. Moreover, local governments initiating an ecological and environmental damage action do not necessarily preclude social organizations bringing a public interest environmental civil lawsuit.

关 键 词：自然资源国家所有 生态环境损害 公共信托 环境权益 

分 类 号：D922.68[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]