可膨胀石墨制备工艺的对比研究  

Comparative Study on Different Preparation Methods of Expandable Graphite

作　　者：刘黔蜀 赵倩梅 钟千伟 胥大伟 王华云 徐众 LIU Qian-shu;ZHAO Qian-mei;ZHONG Qian-wei;XU Da-wei;WANG Hua-yun;XU Zhong(Application and Solar Technology Integration Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of University,Sichuan Panzhihua 617000;Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Solar Technology Integration,Sichuan Panzhihua 617000;College of Vanadium and Titanium,Panzhihua University,Sichuan Panzhihua 617000,China)

机构地区：[1]太阳能技术集成及应用推广四川省高校重点实验室,四川攀枝花617000 [2]四川省太阳能技术集成工程实验室,四川攀枝花617000 [3]攀枝花学院钒钛学院,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《广州化工》2018年第21期64-67,共4页GuangZhou Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家级大学生创新项目(0191100349)

摘　　要：以攀枝花天然鳞片石墨为原材料,硫酸、硝酸和高氯酸分别为插层剂,高锰酸钾作为氧化剂制备可膨胀石墨。在最佳配比条件下,对三种工艺的干燥温度、干燥时间和膨化温度进行补充测试。结果表明采用高氯酸和高锰酸钾制备的膨胀石墨膨胀容积最大,达到185. 7 m L/g。利用XRD和SEM对天然鳞片石墨、可膨胀石墨和膨胀石墨的结构和形貌进行分析,结果也显示采用高氯酸进行插层更充分,蓬松度更好,最适用于制备复合相变材料。Expandable graphite was prepared with natural flake graphite from Panzhihua as raw materials, potassium permanganate as oxidizing agents, and sulfuric acid, nitric acid and perchloric acid as intercalation agents. Under the optimum conditions, the influencing factors of expansion volume were explored, such as puffing temperature, drying time and temperature. Results showed that the expansible volume was 185. 7 mL/g when it was made by potassium permanganate and perchloric acid. Structure and morphology of natural flake graphite, expandable graphite and expanded graphite were analyzed by X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscope （SEM）. The results showed that the intercalation was more complete when perchloric acid was used. Its bulkiness was better, and it was the most suitable for the preparation of composite phase change materials.

关 键 词：天然鳞片石墨 可膨胀石墨 膨胀容积 氧化插层 

分 类 号：TQ127.1[化学工程—无机化工]