Review of immunological responses to porcine coronaviruses and implications on population based control strategies in epidemic and endemic infections  

作　　者：Elsa Kanner-Acerbo James Lowe 

机构地区：[1]Integrated Food Animal Medicine Systems,Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine,University of Illinois

出　　处：《World Journal of Immunology》2016年第1期60-66,共7页世界免疫学杂志

摘　　要：Five major porcine coronaviruses （COVs） have been identifed which cause severe gastrointestinal （GI） and respiratory disease in pigs. They include transmissiblegastroenteritis （TGEV）, porcine epidemic diarrhea virus （PEDV）, porcine deltacoronavirus, porcine respiratory coronavirus, and porcine hemagglutinating encephalo-myelitis. These diseases, especially TGEV and PEDV, have caused epidemics in Europe, Asia, and the Ameri-cas over the past 50 years, causing signifcant economic losses to swine producers. As pigs are a major protein source worldwide there is great interest in understanding, controlling, and preventing these diseases. These disea-ses have no cure, and current vaccines are not fully protective. On-farm prevention and biosecurity are difficult to enforce and have not stopped the spread of these diseases between herds. Recent advances in the immunology of porcine COVs has revealed that the immune response to porcine COVs shares many similarities with the response to human COVs, leading to increased interest in pigs as models for human disease. Highlights of these advances include the key role of local antigen presenting cells in the gastrointestinal tract in stimulating a protective immune response. This understanding has lead to new proposed vaccines. Advances in the understanding of the ways the viruses evade and degrade the host immune system have also lead to novel proposed therapies. Many of these therapies are in the early development stages, as resear-chers attempt to create effcacious, cost-effective, and practical therapies for these diseases.Five major porcine coronaviruses(COVs)have been identified which cause severe gastrointestinal(GI)and respiratory disease in pigs.They include transmissible gastroenteritis(TGEV),porcine epidemic diarrhea virus(PEDV),porcine deltacoronavirus,porcine respiratory coronavirus,and porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis.These diseases,especially TGEV and PEDV,have caused epidemics in Europe,Asia,and the Americas over the past 50 years,causing significant economic losses to swine producers.As pigs are a major protein source worldwide there is great interest in understanding,controlling,and preventing these diseases.These diseases have no cure,and current vaccines are not fully protective.On-farm prevention and biosecurity are difficult to enforce and have not stopped the spread of these diseases between herds.Recent advances in the immunology of porcine COVs has revealed that the immune response to porcine COVs shares many similarities with the response to human COVs,leading to increased interest in pigs as models for human disease.Highlights of these advances include the key role of local antigen presenting cells in the gastrointestinal tract in stimulating a protective immune response.This understanding has lead to new proposed vaccines.Advances in the understanding of the ways the viruses evade and degrade the host immune system have also lead to novel proposed therapies.Many of these therapies are in the early development stages,as researchers attempt to create efficacious,cost-effective,and practical therapies for these diseases.

关 键 词：IMMUNOLOGY PORCINE Corona viruses Population Control ZOONOTIC EPIDEMIC 

分 类 号：R1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]