新疆石河子垦区老年人孤独感水平及影响因素  

Loneliness and its influencing factors among old people in Shihezi reclamation area of Xinjiang

作　　者：任美玲[1,2] 刘早玲 师茂林[2] 陈瑜 REN Mei-ling;LIU Zao-lin;SHI Mao-lin;CHEN Yu(School of Public Health,Xinjiang Medical University,Urumqi Xinjiang,830054,China;Chronic Disease Department Shihezi Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shihezi Xinjiang,832000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆医科大学公共卫生学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]石河子市疾病预防控制中心慢病科,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《职业与健康》2018年第22期3103-3106,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：新疆生产建设兵团卫生科技计划项目(201708)

摘　　要：目的了解新疆石河子垦区老年人孤独感水平及影响因素,为改善垦区老年人孤独感提供理论依据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法分别抽取市区和团场各7个社区的1 400名≥60岁常住老年人,采用孤独感UCLA量表评估老年人孤独感水平,用一般资料调查表和日常生活自理能力量表评估其影响因素。结果共收回有效问卷1 398份,调查对象平均年龄为(71.81±5.99)岁,该人群孤独感得分为36.88±9.27。轻微孤独体验的有558人,占39.9%;孤独体验明显的有729人,占52.1%;孤独体验强烈的有111人,占7.9%。单因素分析结果示,孤独感得分在不同居住地、年龄、月收入、经济来源、婚姻状况、锻炼、是否独居、睡眠、自理能力、生活满意度方面差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,居住地、月收入、锻炼、睡眠、自理能力、生活满意度对孤独感得分差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论垦区老年人孤独感明显,有必要进行针对性健康干预,提倡锻炼、提高睡眠质量、老年人生活自理能力、经济水平及对生活的满意度将对改善垦区老年人孤独现状有重要影响。[ Objective ] To understand the loneliness level and its influencing factors among old people in Shihezi reclamation area of Xinjiang, provide the theoretical basis for improving the loneliness of the elderly in the reclamation area. [Methods] A stratified cluster sampling method was used to extract 1 400 permanent residents over 60 years old from seven communities in urban areas and group farms. The loneliness level of the elderly was evaluated by UCLA scale, and the influencing factors were analyzed by the general data questionnaire and the daily ability self-assessment scale. [Results] A total of 1 398 valid questionnaires were collected. The average age of the respondents was （71.81±5.99） years old. The score of loneliness in the population was 36.88±9.27. 558 respondents had mild loneliness, accounting for 39.9%, 729 had obvious loneliness, accounting for 52.1%, and 111 had strong loneliness, accounting for 7.9%. Single factor analysis results showed that the differences in score of loneliness were statistically significant among different groups in place of residence, age, monthly income, economic source, marital status, exercise, whether to live alone, sleep, self-care ability and life satisfaction （all P〈0.05）. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that place of residence, monthly income, exercise, sleep, self-care ability, and life satisfaction had a significant impact on loneliness score （all P〈0.05）. [ Conclusion ] The loneliness of the elderly in the reclamation area is obvious, and it is necessary to carry out targeted health intervention. Advocating exercise and improving the quality of sleep, the self-care ability, the economic level and the life satisfaction have an important impact on improving the loneliness of the elderly in the reclamation area.

关 键 词：老年人 孤独感 影响因素 

分 类 号：R395[哲学宗教—心理学]