科学数据共享区块链模型及实现机理研究  

Block Chain Model of Scientific Data Sharing and Its Realization Mechanism

作　　者：郝世博[1,2] 徐文哲[2,3] 唐正韵[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学知识产权学院,江苏南京210094 [2]南京大学信息管理学院,江苏南京210023 [3]南京邮电大学信息产业发展战略研究院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《情报理论与实践》2018年第11期57-62,共6页Information Studies:Theory & Application

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"信息生命周期视角下的大数据隐私风险评估和溯源问责机制研究"(项目编号:71503133);江苏省社会科学基金项目"融合信任管理与数据溯源的学术虚拟社区知识转移效果评价研究"(项目编号:17TQC002);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(项目编号:30920140122012)的研究成果之一

摘　　要：[目的/意义]科学数据共享参与主体的共享意愿、隐私保护、数据产权归属等问题严重制约科学数据共享生态环境的可持续发展。[方法/过程]在梳理科学数据共享动力障碍和区块链等研究进展基础上,从主体、客体、功能角度阐述区块链应用于科学数据共享的适用性,构建科学数据共享层次化区块链架构,深入探讨科学数据共享区块链交互信息、数据区块、共识激励机制、智能合约等实现机理,并提出科学数据共享区块链在交互数据描述、安全、共识博弈方面存在的困境及对策。[结果/结论]将区块链技术创新性应用于科学数据共享生态环境,能够进一步促进科学数据共享环境的形成与发展。[ Purpose/significance ] The problems such as sharing willingness, privacy protection, attribution of data property rights of scientific data sharing participants seriously restrict the sustainable development of scientific data sharing. [ Method/ process ] On the basis of combing the research progress of scientific data sharing motivation obstacles and block chain, the applica- bility of block chain for scientific data sharing is expounded from the perspectives of subject, object and function. Scientific data sharing hierarchical block chain architecture is presented. The realization mechanisms of interactive information, data block, con- sensus incentive mechanism, smart contract of scientific data sharing block chain are described. The dilemma and development countermeasure of interactive data description, security and consensus game are proposed. [ Result/conclusion I The innovative ap- plication of block chain technology in scientific data sharing ecological environment can further promote the formation and develop- ment of scientific data sharing environment.

关 键 词：科学数据 数据共享 区块链 模型 

分 类 号：G253[文化科学—图书馆学]