两种复合式池塘养殖团头鲂的氮磷收支分析  

Analysis of nitrogen and phosphorus budget of Megalobrama amblycephala in two kinds of compound culturing ponds

作　　者：魏宝成 刘兴国[2] 曾宪磊[2] 陆诗敏[2] 高美云[1,2,3,4] WEI Baocheng;LIU Xingguo;ZENG Xianlei;LU Shimin;GAO Meiyun(National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education,Shanghai Ocean University,5hanghat 201306,China;Fishery Machinery and Instrument Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200092,China;Genetics and Breeding Center for Blunt Snout Bream,Ministry of Agriculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Centre for Research on Environmental Ecology and Fish Nutrition of the Ministry of Agriculture,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产科学国家级实验教学示范中心,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所,上海200092 [3]上海海洋大学农业部团头鲂遗传育种中心,上海201306 [4]上海海洋大学农业部鱼类营养与环境生态研究中心,上海201306

出　　处：《上海海洋大学学报》2018年第5期693-702,共10页Journal of Shanghai Ocean University

基　　金：盐碱池塘生态工程构建配套技术(2016HY-ZD0603);948节水高效全循环池塘养殖关键技术合作研究(2016-X32);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-46)

摘　　要：为比较团头鲂在分隔式和序批式两种复合式池塘养殖中的氮磷收支情况,于2016年8—11月分别选取分隔式、序批式和传统团头鲂养殖池塘进行采样分析。结果显示,饲料是池塘养殖团头鲂氮磷的主要来源,饲料氮输入比例分别为传统池塘(68. 53%)<分隔式池塘(72. 03%)<序批式池塘(76. 22%),饲料磷输入比例分别为传统池塘(42. 87%)<分隔式池塘(53. 37%)<序批式池塘(56. 64%); 3种池塘养殖中,氮支出主要是底泥沉积和水体排放,其中,序批式池塘氮的底泥沉积和水体排放量最低,其次是分隔式池塘,传统池塘的底泥沉积和水体排放量最大;磷支出主要是养殖水产品产出,养殖水产品磷占磷输出比例分别为分隔式池塘(54. 55%)>传统池塘(52. 20%)>序批式池塘(43. 38%)。结果表明,复合式养殖池塘中的氮磷沉积和水体排放所占支出比例低于传统池塘,通过构建复合式养殖池塘可以减少氮磷沉积与排放,提高氮磷利用率,提高饲料利用效率,尤其是序批式池塘用于团头鲂养殖有较高的物质利用效率。To compare the budget of nitrogen and phosphorus in Megalobrama amblycephala, which was cultivated in separated pond and sequencing pond, two kinds of ponds were selected for sample analysis, from August to November 2016, with the traditional pond as the control. The results showed that feed was the main source of nitrogen and phosphorus of Megalobrama amblycephala in ponds. The feed input proportion of nitrogen was traditional pond（68.53% ） 〈 separated pond（72.03% ） 〈 sequencing pond（76.22% ）. The feed input proportion of phosphorus was traditional ponds （42. 87% ） 〈 separated pond （53. 37% ） 〈 sequencing pond（56.64% ）. In these three kinds of ponds, the most important expenditure of nitrogen was sedimentation and water discharge. Among them, sedimentation and water discharge of nitrogen in the sequencing pond was the lowest, followed by the separated pond, and the traditional pond was the largest. The most important expenditure of phosphorus was aquaculture outputs. As for the proportion of phosphorus in aquaculture output to total phosphorus output, the highest is separated pond, up to 54.55%, the traditional pond is 52.20% and the sequencing pond is 43.38%. The results showed that the proportion of nitrogen and phosphorus sedimentation and water discharge in separated pond and sequencing pond was lower than that of traditional pond. It can reduce the nitrogen and phosphorus sedimentation and water discharge, increase the utilization rate of nitrogen and phosphorus, and improve the efficiency of feed utilization by constructing separated pond and sequencing pond. In particular, sequencing pond was used to raise the efficiency of material utilization in Megalobrama amblycephala farming.

关 键 词：团头鲂 分隔式池塘 序批式池塘 氮磷收支 

分 类 号：S965.1[农业科学—水产养殖]