天水市板栗气候适宜性变化研究  

Climate Suitability of Chestnut in Tianshui

作　　者：汪丽萍 蒲禹君 吴丽[3] Wang Liping;Pu Yujun;Wu Li(The Meteorological Bureau of Maifi District,Tianshui Gansu 741020;Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Architectural Design Co.,Lid,Xi＇an 710003;Tianshui Meteorological Bureau,Tianshui Gansu 741000)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省麦积区气象局,甘肃天水741020 [2]陕西省建筑设计研究院有限责任公司,西安710003 [3]甘肃省天水市气象局,甘肃天水741000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2018年第29期92-97,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：甘肃省气象局科研项目"集合预报对陇东南强降水的预报方法研究及应用"(GSMAZd2018-06)

摘　　要：运用天水市麦积区板栗物候调查观测资料及1971—2017年麦积国家基本气象站实测气象资料,建立了板栗生长发育的气候适宜性评价模式,对逐年板栗各个生长发育气候适宜度动态变化进行了分析。结果表明:1971—2017年天水市板栗气候适宜度较高为0.67,光照适宜度较高为0.74,其次是水分适宜度为0.66,温度适宜度较小为0.65。近年来,综合适宜度呈上升趋势,温度、水分适宜度在不同发育阶段变化较大,光照适宜度较高。萌芽开花阶段温度适宜度变化幅度较大,水分适宜度升高趋势明显。果实形成期水分适宜性较差,温度适宜度较大。果实成熟期温度适宜度较小,水分适宜度较高,板栗的后期生长环境条件变差趋势明显。萌芽开花期的水分条件及果实成熟期的热量条件应该为板栗建园时主要考虑的因素。Based on chestnut＇s phenology observation data and meteorological data from 1971 to 2017 at MaijiNational Base Weather Station, the model for assessing the climate suitability degree of chestnut was set up.We analyzed the climate suitability of every main growth periods of chestnut. The results showed that chestnutsynthesize climate suitability degree was 0.67, sunshine suitability degree was 0.74, water suitability degreewas 0.66 and temperature suitability degree was 0.65 from 1971 to 2017. The synthesize climate suitabilitydegree increased with time in recent years. The water and temperature suitability degree varied with differentgrowth periods and sunshine suitability degree kept high value in all growth periods. The variation range oftemperature suitability degree was big and water suitability degree had a rising trend in sprout and floweringperiod. The water suitability degree was low while temperature suitability degree was high in fruit expansionperiod, while the temperature suitability degree was low and the water suitability degree was high in fruitmaturation period, the environment condition of growth for chestnut become more unsuitable. We suggestedthat water supplying in sprout and flowering period and heat resource in maturation period should beconsidered in building chestnut orchard.

关 键 词：天水 板栗 气候适宜性 变化 

分 类 号：S162.3[农业科学—农业气象学]