相同碳氮比有机物料矿化1年对植烟土壤养分的影响  

Organic Material After One Year Mineralization Under Same C/N Ratio: The Effect on Soil Nutrients

作　　者：张弘[1,2] 李影 张玉军[1] 朱金峰[3] 刘世亮 申凤敏[1] 姜桂英 Zhang Hong;Li Ying;Zhang Yujun;Zhu Jinfeng;Liu Shiliang;Shen Fengmin;Jiang Guiying(College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002;Luoyang Cigarette Factory,China Tobacco Henan Industrial Limited Liability Company,Luoyang Henan 471000;Luohe City Tobacco Corporation of Henan Province,Luohe Henan 462000)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学资源与环境学院,郑州450002 [2]河南中烟工业有限责任公司洛阳卷烟厂,河南洛阳471000 [3]河南省漯河市烟草公司,河南漯河462000

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2018年第28期82-87,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：河南省烟草公司重大面上项目"不同生物炭对植烟土壤碳氮比和紧实度调节机制研究及应用"(LYKJ201504);国家自然科学基金"长期不同施肥下我国典型农田土壤碳饱和特征及周转机制"(41401327);河南省烟草公司重大面上项目"烟田有机废弃物高效生物发酵资源化利用与技术集成"(HYKJ201215)

摘　　要：为探索不同有机物料相同碳氮比矿化1年对植烟土壤肥效作用,通过盆栽试验,将猪粪、玉米秸秆和生物炭调节碳氮比为25:1,经过1年自然矿化后在添加基础肥料的基础上分析不同有机物料对植烟土壤酶活性及氮磷钾含量的影响。结果表明,猪粪和玉米秸秆分别显著提高了土壤脲酶(最大值2.91 mg/(g·d))和蔗糖酶活性(最大值17.02 mg/(g·d))。与对照(不施有机物料)相比,施用有机物料在自然矿化1年后对土壤氮素仍有显著提升作用,其中猪粪处理表现出明显优势。同时,猪粪与生物炭显著提高了土壤速效钾和有机质含量,最大值分别达到1101 mg/kg和54.56 g/kg;猪粪也明显提升了土壤速效磷含量(727.95 mg/kg)。综上所述,相同碳氮比下豫中烟区土壤施用猪粪和生物炭在自然矿化1年后对植烟土壤养分含量的提升作用显著。The paper aims to explore the delayed effect of different types of organic material after one year mineralization. A pot experiment was carried out with four treatments： （1） without organic material application （TCK）; （2） adding maize straw （TS）; （3） adding pig manure （TM）; （4） adding biochar （TB）. Carbon/nitrogen （C/N） of all the four treatments were adjusted as 25：1 in the first year. After a year of mineralization, the major indexes of soil nutrients were measured and analyzed. The results showed that manure and maize straw significantly improved the activity of soil enzymes that related to C and N metabolism. The soil urease activity was significantly enhanced under TM treatment with the maximum value of 2.91 mg/（g· d）; while the highest activity of soil sucrose appeared on Ts treatment [17.02 mg/（g·d）]. Compared to TCK, the application of organic materials could improve soil nitrogen content after a year of mineralization. Therein, all the forms of soil nitrogen significantly increased under TM. Meanwhile, the content of soil available potassium and organic carbon remarkably increased under the TM and TB treatments with the max value of 1101 mg/kg and 54.56 g/kg,respectively. The max value of soil available phosphorus was found under TM （i.e.727.95 mg/kg）. In brief, after a year of mineralization with the same C/N ratio, pig manure and biochar application can significantly improve soil nutrient content in tobacco-planting area of central Henan Province.

关 键 词：有机物料 碳氮比 矿化 土壤养分 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学]