3种植物对镉污染土壤修复的试验研究  

Three Kinds of Plants: Remediation on Soil Contaminated by Cadmium

作　　者：刘沙沙 李兵 冯翔[1,2] 冯园 李志娟 郭林 杨坡 张婷婷[4] Liu Shasha;Li Bing;Feng Xiang;Feng Yuan;Li Zhijuan;Guo Lin;Yang Po;Zhang Tingting(I Henan Institute of Geological Sciences,Zhengzhou 450001;Henan Geochemical Ecological Restoration Engineering Research Center,Zhengzhou 450001;Henan Institute of Geological Survey,Zhengzhou 450001;Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou 450001)

机构地区：[1]河南省地质科学研究所,郑州450001 [2]河南省地球化学生态修复工程技术研究中心,郑州450001 [3]河南省地质调查院,郑州450001 [4]郑州大学,郑州450001

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2018年第22期103-108,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：河南省国土资源厅地质科研项目"济源市重金属污染土地修复治理示范工程研究"(豫国土资函[2015]258号);河南省重大科技专项"村镇污水生态治理及养猪废弃物资源化利用关键技术研发与示范"(161100310600)

摘　　要：为探究植物修复技术在济源镉(Cd)污染土壤的应用特征和效果,笔者以不同Cd污染程度的实际土壤为对象,采用盆栽试验,对比三叶鬼针草、黑麦和印度芥菜对Cd的耐受、富集、转移能力及修复效率。结果表明:污染组植物的生物量无显著下降,供试植物均具有较强的Cd耐性。3类植物富集特征不同,地上部分富集Cd浓度顺序依次是:三叶鬼针草>印度芥菜>黑麦。3种植物中黑麦地下部分Cd含量最高,轻、重度污染组的Cd含量分别达到11.95、28.56 mg/L。三叶鬼针草对Cd具有较强的转移能力,其中在轻度污染土壤中转移系数(TF=2.23)最大。此外,三叶鬼针草修复效率最高,轻、重度污染组分别为2.04%、1.59%。综上所述,三叶鬼针草的生物量、富集转运系数和修复效率均高于黑麦和印度芥菜。因此,三叶鬼针草可作为济源Cd污染土壤修复植物之一,为当地土壤Cd污染治理提供理论参考和技术依据。To explore the application characteristics and effects of phytoremediation technology on soil contaminated by cadmium （Cd） in Jiyuan, a pot experiment using actual soil contaminated by Cd was conducted to compare the Cd tolerance, enrichment, translocation and remediation efficiency of three kinds of plants, namely Bidens pilosa, Multi florum and Indian mustard. The results showed that： the biomass of the three kinds of plants was not significantly reduced when they were grown on soil polluted by Cd, and all of them had strong tolerance to Cd; in addition, the three kinds of plants had different enrichment features of Cd, specifically, Cd content in the aboveground part followed the order：. Bidens pilosa〉Indian mustard〉Multi florum; inversely, Cd in the underground part of Multiflorum was higher than that of the other two, and the Cd content in the mild and heavy polluted soil reached 11.95 mg/L and 28.56 mg/L, respectively; furthermore, Bidens pilosa had higher capacity to transfer Cd, and the translocation coefficient in the mild polluted soil was the highest, reaching 2.23; moreover, Bidens pilosa had better capacity to remediate soil contaminated by Cd, and the remediation efficiency of Cd was 2.04% and 1.59% in mild and heavy polluted soil. In summary, the biomass, enrichment factor and translocation factor of Bidens pilosa were higher than those of Multiflorum and Indian mustard. In conclusion, Bidens pilosa could be used as one of effective plants for restoring soil contaminated by Cd in Jiyuan, which could provide guidance and technical base for local soil Cd pollution treatment.

关 键 词：CD 植物修复 生物量 富集 转移 修复效率 

分 类 号：X5[环境科学与工程—环境工程]