膜下滴灌条件下温室青椒的水氮耦合效应  

The Interactive Impact of Water and Nitrogen on Greenhouse Green Pepper Under Film-mulched Drip Irrigation

作　　者：程明瀚 郝仲勇 杨胜利 缴锡云[2] 范海燕 CHENG Minghan;HAO Zhongyong;YANG Shengli;JIAO Xiyun;FAN Haiyan(Beijing Water Science and Technology Research Institute,Beijing 100048,China;Hohai University Water Conservancy and Hydropower College,Nanjing 210098,China;Beijing Non-conventional Water Resources Development and Utilization and Water Saving Engineering Technology Research Center,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市水科学技术研究院,北京100048 [2]河海大学水利水电学院,南京210098 [3]北京市非常规水资源开发利用与节水工程技术研究中心,北京100048

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2018年第11期50-56,68,共8页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：北京市百千万人才工程资助项目(KY-2016-01);科技部项目京津冀耗水管理与资源节水技术研发示范(2016YFC0401403);北京市科技计划项目都市农业用水监测评价和管理平台研究与示范(D151100004115004)

摘　　要：【目的】通过不同灌水量和施氮量的耦合来探寻温室青椒的水肥耦合效应。【方法】试验设置了W1(70%θFC(田间持水率))、W2(80%θFC)2组灌水下限处理和F1(50 kg/hm^2)、F2(85 kg/hm^2)、F3(120 kg/hm^2)3组施氮处理,并设置常规灌水施肥处理作对照,共计7个处理,监测了青椒株高、茎粗、叶面积指数等生长指标,净光合速率、蒸腾强度等生理指标,以及总产量、水分生产效率、氮肥偏生产力和相关品质指标。【结果】在120 kg/hm^2施氮量处理下青椒的产量明显高于其他处理。运用主成分分析法各水肥处理下的10项指标进行降维,并通过降维所得的3个主成分对7组处理综合评价,发现7组处理高低排序为:W1F3处理>W2F3处理>CK>W2F2处理>W1F1处理> W1F2处理>W2F1处理。【结论】在70%θFC的灌水下限和120 kg/hm^2施氮量的组合处理是本试验所探寻的最优水肥处理。[Objective] Nitrogen fertilizer is one of important fertilizers for crop growth, and the purpose of this paper is to experimentally explore the interactive effects of water and nitrogen fertilizer on greenhouse pepper under different combined ratios of irrigation and nitrogen fertigation. [Method] We examined two irrigation rates： one at 70% of the field capacity （W1） and the other one at 80% of the field capacity （W2）, and three nitrogen applications： 50 kg/hm^2 （F1）, 85 kg/hm^2 （F2） and 120 kg/hm^2 （F3）, with the combination of conventional irrigation and fertilization as control. Overall, there were seven treatments. In each treatment, we measured the plant height, stem diameter, leaf area index, net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, total yield, water use efficiency, and par- tial productivity of nitrogen fertilizer. [Result] The yield in nitrogen application of 120 kg/hm^2 was significantly higher than that in other treatments. The principal component analysis showed that the yield of pepper under the seven treatments was ranked in W1F3〉W2F3〉CK〉W2F2〉W1FI〉WIF2〉W2FI.[Conclusion] The combination of irrigation by keeping soil moisture at 70% of the field capacity and 120 kg/hm^2 of nitrogen application is the optimal irrigation and nitrogen fertilization for the greenhouse green peppers studied in this paper.

关 键 词：水氮耦合 总产量 水分生产效率 主成分分析 

分 类 号：S274.1[农业科学—农业水土工程]