达斡尔族儿童青少年皮褶厚度和体成分发育现状及其16年来的变化  

Longitudinal Changes in Skinfold Thickness and Body Composition Development of Daur Children and Adolescents

作　　者：杨宇宇 李玉玲[1] 富杰 鄂勇 YANG Yu yu;LI Yu ling;FU Jie;E Yong(College of Life Sciences And Technology,Inner Mongolia Normal University,Hohhot 010022,China;Hospital of Melida-wa Banner,Inner Monglia,Melidawa Banner 162850,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古师范大学生命科学与技术学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010022 [2]内蒙古莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗人民医院,内蒙古莫力达瓦旗162850

出　　处：《内蒙古师范大学学报（自然科学汉文版）》2018年第6期499-504,共6页Journal of Inner Mongolia Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31260265);内蒙古莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗科学研究项目(2012002)

摘　　要：为了解达斡尔族儿童青少年皮褶厚度和体成分发育现状及其16年来的变化,对内蒙古自治区莫力达瓦达斡尔族自治旗1996名(男975名,女1021名)6～18岁儿童青少年体重及5项皮褶厚度进行测量,分析其皮褶厚度和体成分发育现状,并与16年前同一地区同类资料进行比较.结果显示:(1)达斡尔族男生除肱三头肌皮褶、体脂率与年龄呈负相关外,其余指标均与年龄呈正相关(P<0.01),女生各指标与年龄均呈正相关(P<0.01);女生5项皮褶均值及体脂率总体上高于同龄男生,且多数年龄段有统计学意义(P<0.05).(2)达斡尔族学生肥胖检出率为男20.41%,女14.01%.(3)与其他民族学生相比,达斡尔族学生皮下脂肪较厚,处于国内中等偏上水平.(4)达斡尔族7～12岁城市学生各年龄段5项皮褶厚度值及体脂率总体上高于乡村学生,且多数年龄段有统计学差异(P<0.05),城乡差异男生比女生更为明显;肩胛下/肱三头肌皮褶城乡间无明显差异(P>0.05).(5)与1996年数据相比,达斡尔族学生4项皮褶厚度及体脂率总体上呈增加趋势.结果表明:达斡尔族学生皮褶厚度和体成分的发育状况与16年前相比有很大提高,但营养过剩问题较明显,应当引起关注.To exploreDaur students skinfoldthickness and body composition development and changes in the past 16 years. Weight and five skinfolds were measured in 1996 Daur students from age 6 to 18 in Melidawa Banner from Inner Mongolia. The skinfold thickness and body composition development status were analyzed and compared with the same data in the same area 16 years ago. The results showed that： （1） The triceps skinfold and body fat percentage were negalively correlated with age in Daur boys,the other in dicators were positively correlated with age （P〈0.01）. All indexes of girls were positively correlated with age （P〈0.01） ; the average four skinfolds and body fat rate of girls were higher than those of the same age boys ,and most of age were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. （2）Daur students~ prevalence of obesity was 20.41% for male and 14. 01% for female. （3）Compared with the students of other ethnic groups,Daur students have thicker subcutaneous fat and they are in the upper middle level in China. （4）The skinfold thickness and body fat percentage of all age groups of urban students from 7 to 12 years old in Daur are generally higher than those of rural students, and there are statistical differences in most age groups （P^0.05）. The differences between urban and rural boys are more obvious than girls. （P〉0.05） ; there was no significant differences between the Subscapular to triceps skinfold ratio in urban and rural areas （P〉0.05）. （5）Compared with 1996 data, the four skinfold thickness and body fat percentage of Daur students showed an overall increase. The results showed that the development of skinfold thickness and body composition of Daur students have been greatly improved compared with 16 years ago, but the problem of excess nutrition is more obvious and should be noticed.

关 键 词：达斡尔族 儿童青少年 皮褶厚度 体成分 纵向比较 

分 类 号：Q983[生物学—人类学]