北京城市森林冠层结构对夏季舒适度及林内小气候的影响  

The influence of canopy structure on comfort and microclimate in urban forest in summer in Beijing

作　　者：刘海轩 卢泽洋[2] 金桂香 孙广鹏 吴鞠 许丽娟 徐程扬[1] LIU Haixuan;LU Zeyang;JIN Guixiang;SUN Guangpeng;WU Ju;XU Lijuan;XU Chengyang(College of Forestry,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Academy of Forest Inventory and Planning,State Forestry Administration,Beijing 100714,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学林学院,北京100083 [2]国家林业局调查规划设计院,北京100714

出　　处：《福建农林大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第6期736-742,共7页Journal of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University:Natural Science Edition

基　　金：林业公益性行业专项20140430102

摘　　要：通过城市森林冠层结构对空气温湿度、风速的作用规律分析冠层结构对林内舒适度的影响.结果表明:叶面积指数(LAI)、冠高比(RCT)、冠层通透度(PC)与林内舒适度显著相关; LAI对空气温度(T)有显著影响,RCT和PC对空气温度(T)有极显著影响,LAI和RCT、PC和RCT对T有极显著的交互作用,T随LAI的增加而降低,随RCT和PC的增加而升高; LAI和RCT对空气相对湿度(RH)有极显著的影响,并存在极显著的交互作用,RH随着LAI的增大而增加,随RCT的增加而降低; LAI和RCT对林内风速(v)有极显著的影响,并存在显著的交互作用,v随着LAI和RCT的增加而降低.冠层结构对森林舒适度的影响主要来自林分的降温效应,而降温效应受LAI、RCT和PC的影响;冠层结构调节舒适度的湿度效应来自LAI和RCT;冠层结构调节舒适度的风速效应受LAI和RCT影响.The influence of canopy structure on the comfort in urban forest was analyzed through the influence of canopy structure onair temperature, humidity and wind speed. The results showed that leaf area index （LAI）, ratio of crown thickness to tree height（RCT） and canopy permeability （PC） were significantly correlated with comfort. LAI and RCT, PC and RCT interactively affectedtemperature. Temperature decreased with the increase of LAI while increased with the increase of RCT and PC. LAI and RCTinteractively influenced RH. RH increased with the increase of LAI while decreased with increased RCT. LAI and RCT influencedwind speed interactively, which increased LAI and RCT decreased wind speed. The effect of canopy structure on forest comfort ismainly from the cooling effect of forest, which is affected by LAI, RCT and PC. The humidifying effect of canopy structure tomoderate comfort is derived from LAI and RCT. The wind speed effect of canopy structure on controlling comfort is affected by LAIand RCT.

关 键 词：城市热岛效应 城市森林 森林舒适度 降温增湿效应 冠层结构 叶面积指数 

分 类 号：S718.51[农业科学—林学]