切顶卸压自动成巷岩层运动规律物理模拟实验  

Physical simulation experiment on the movement of rock strata upon automatic roadway forming by roof cutting and pressure releasing

作　　者：王炯[1,2] 朱道勇 宫伟力 何满潮[2] 高韧[1,2] WANG Jiong;ZHU Daoyong;GONG Weili;HE Manchao;GAO Ren(State Key Laboratory for Geomeehanies and Deep Underground Engineering,China University of Mining and Teehnology（Beo＇ing）,Beijing 100083,China;School of Meehanies and Civil Engineering,China University of Mining and Teehnology（Beijing）,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学(北京)深部岩土力学与地下工程国家重点实验室,北京100083 [2]中国矿业大学(北京)力学与建筑工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2018年第11期2536-2547,共12页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51574248);国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0600901)~~

摘　　要：为研究切顶卸压自动成巷无煤柱开采(110工法)工艺条件下上覆岩层运动规律及留巷效果,以店坪煤矿5–200工作面工程实例为原型,开展岩层运动尺度110工法物理模拟实验研究。采用石膏粉、细河沙、重晶石粉等相似材料构造砂质泥岩、中砂岩、石灰岩以及煤岩4种岩层;根据不同推进尺度沿煤层走向设计6种开挖步骤,用于观测有不同开挖阶段下的上覆岩层的垮落规律及留巷围岩的变形特征。实验中,采用可见成像、高精度数字散斑成像以及现场人工素描等方法来观测岩层的垮落规律。研究结果表明:当工作面开挖12 m,直接顶完全垮落;工作面开挖16m,基本顶完全垮落,工作面开挖20m,上覆岩层垮落达到稳定状态。受切缝影响,覆岩运动前期切缝侧岩层超前于未切缝一侧垮落,且位移大于未切缝一侧;后期由于岩层的碎胀性,切缝侧采空区填充效果较好,其垂向位移小于未切缝侧,且离层多集中于未切缝侧。全场位移云图及巷道顶底板位移监测表明,顶板垂向位移最大10mm,底板垂向位移最大4mm,围岩稳定性较好,说明通过顶板预裂切缝,有效缓解巷道围岩压力,控制围岩变形。The movement of overlying strata and the effect of retaining roadway under the automatic roadway forming by roof cutting and pressure releasing without coal pillar mining（working method 110） was studied through physical modelling test to the working face 5–200 of Dianping coal mine. Four kinds of rock strata including the sandy mudstone,medium sandstone,limestone and coal rock were constructed by using gesso,fine sand,barite powder and other similar materials. Six excavation steps were designed along the coal seam strike according to different propulsion scales. The collapse of overlying strata under different excavation stages and the deformation characteristics of surrounding rock of retaining roadway were observed. In the experiment,the visible imaging,high-precision digital speckle imaging and artificial sketching were used to observe the regularity of rock strata caving. The research results show that when the working face is excavated upto 12 m,the immediate roof collapsed completely. When the working face is excavated upto 16 m,the main roof collapsed completely. When the working face is excavated upto 20 m,the overlying strata collapse reaches a stable state. Under the influence of roof cutting,in the early stage of overlying strata movement,the rock strata on the side of roof cutting collapses earlier than that on the side of the uncut side,and the displacement is larger than that of the uncut side. In the later stage,due to the dilation of the strata,the filling effect of the gob on the side of roof cutting is better,the overall vertical displacement is smaller than the uncut side,and the abscission layer is concentrated mostly on the uncut side. The whole field displacement contours and the displacement monitoring of roadway roof and floor indicate that the maximum vertical displacement of the roof is 10 mm,the minimum vertical displacement of the floor is 4 mm,and the stability of the surrounding rock is better. It is shown that through the presplitting of the cutting slots on the roof,the surro

关 键 词：采矿工程 切顶卸压 自动成巷 上覆岩层运动 相似模拟 

分 类 号：TD353[矿业工程—矿井建设]