桂枝汤“微火煮”煎药法辨析  

Discussion on Boiling Method with Microflame of Guizhi Decoction

作　　者：赵志恒[1] 苏南[2] ZHAO Zhiheng;SU Nan(Tianjin University of TCM,Tianjin China 300193;Tianjin Public Security Hospital,Tianjin China 300042)

机构地区：[1]天津中医药大学,天津300193 [2]天津市公安医院,天津300042

出　　处：《中医学报》2018年第10期1945-1948,共4页Acta Chinese Medicine

基　　金：天津市公安局科技项目(2015KYSGAY034)

摘　　要：桂枝汤乃《伤寒论》第一方,方后的药物煎煮方法是其方药使用法则不可或缺的组成部分,对临床有着重要的指导作用,应受到重视。《伤寒论》113方中,除桂枝汤外,桂枝汤类方共计19首,然只有两首加味方中提到"微火煮取",分别是"以水七升,微火煮取三升,去滓,温服一升"的桂枝加厚朴杏子汤和小建中汤的"上六味,以水七升,煮取三升,去滓,内饴,更上微火消解,温服一升,日三服"。唯独此三方特别强调"微火煮"的煎煮火候,足见仲景对煎药法的重视。桂枝汤"微火煮"的煎煮方法是与其治证特点、用方目的和药物特性密切相关的,其加味方的"微火煮"也是在桂枝汤调和阴阳、气血、营卫的功效基础上的运用。Guizhi Decoction is the first one in Treatise on Febrile Disease. The boiling method of the decoction is an indispensable part of the using method of the prescription. It has an important guiding role in the clinical and should be taken into consideration seriously. In the 113 pieces of the decoctions in Treatise on Febrile Diseases,in addition to guizhi decoction,there are a total of 19 modified Guizhi Decoction recipes. However,the micro flame boiling method was mentioned only twice. For Guizhi plus Houpo Xinzi Decoction,it was written as ＂ being boiled in seven liters of water and when there is three liters of water left,the residue should be removed and the drug is taken warm＂. As for Xiao Jianzhong Decoction,it was written as ＂ the six kinds of drugs are boiled in seven liters of water and when there is three liters of water left,the residue should be removed. Put some suger and boil on micro flame and then the drug is taken warm,three times per day＂. Only these three decoctions have emphasized the micro flame boiling method,which shows that Zhongjing attaches great importance to the the boiling method of the decoction. The micro flame boiling method of Guizhi Decoction is closely related to its characteristics,use purpose and drug characteristics. The modified Guizhi of the micro flame boiling is also based on the application of Guizhi Decoction to modulate the effects of yin and yang,qi and blood.

关 键 词：《伤寒论》 桂枝汤 桂枝加厚朴杏子汤 小建中汤 “微火煮” 煎药法 

分 类 号：R283.3[医药卫生—中药学]