根域限制栽培对桃花芽分化进程中碳氮比及ABA含量的影响  

Effect of root restriction on flower bud formation of ‘Yuanmeng' peach trees

作　　者：庞钰洁 陶宁颖 竺啸恒 陈心源 王莉 张望舒[1] 贾惠娟[1] PANG Yujie;TAO Ningying;ZHU Xiaoheng;CHEN Xinyuan;WANG Li;ZHANG Wangshu;JIA Huijuan(Department of Horticulture,Zhejiang University.Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Growth,Development and Quality Improvement of the Ministry of Agriculture,Hangzhou 310058,Zhejiang,China;Huzhou Economic Crop Technical Extension Station,Huzhou 313000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学园艺系.农业部园艺植物生长发育与品质调控重点开放实验室,杭州310058 [2]湖州市经济作物技术推广站,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《果树学报》2018年第11期1363-1373,共11页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：浙江省农业(果品)新品种选育重大科技专项(2016C02052-5)

摘　　要：【目的】明确根域限制栽培对桃树花芽分化的影响。【方法】2017年以普通桃‘圆梦’为试材,对花芽分化进程与叶片及芽碳氮含量和激素含量积累的相关性进行探讨。【结果】随着长果枝花芽着生位置向基部靠拢,花芽进入形态分化的时间越早,分化进程也越快;根域限制栽培一次枝长果枝基部6月16日前后花芽逐渐开始分化,比常规栽培早2周左右;伴随着生长进程叶片总氮量不断降低,C/N逐渐上升,根域限制栽培的花芽分化速度和成花率明显较常规栽培提高;花蕾原基分化初期转向末期时高水平的ZR含量和花萼分化期开始时ABA含量的增加有利于芽体形态分化,促进成花。【结论】相对较高的C/N能提早花芽分化时间,适当高水平的ZR和ABA有利于芽体形态分化的持续进行,因此根域限制栽培花芽分化速度快、成花率高。【Objective】Zhejiang province is a humid region with sunlight deficiency where peach trees grow vigorously because of abundant water supply. Large crown and poor flower bud formation lead to low yield. Root restriction can inhibit vegetative growth and promote reproductive growth, therefor, it is suitable for high-density orchard in which peach trees are trained to central leader form. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of root restriction on flower bud formation are poorly understood.According to limited literature, change of carbon nitrogen ratio and disruption of hormonal balance might explain the case with grape. The study aimed at revealing the effects of root restriction on flower bud formation in peach.【Methods】Two-year-old‘Yuanmeng＇[Prunus persica（L.） Batsch.] peach trees were used in this study. Trees for experimental group were planted in pots with volum of 60 cm ×60 cm. Trees for control group were planted in holes with the same volume in the field. 20 trees were used for each group. Leaves and buds were collected every two weeks from June 2 ndto August 25 thand frozen in liquid nitrogen for further experiments. Flower bud differentiation process was observed using Zeiss microscope. Leaves were dried and ground into powder for total carbon and nitrogen content determination. Leaves and buds were ground into a fine powder and stored in-80 ℃ for measurement of hormonal contents. Ethyl acetate was used to extract hormones from 200 mg of buds or 500 mg ofleaves. ZR and ABA content were determined by LC-MS.【Results】The differentiation of flower buds on lower part of primary long branch of the trees with the treatment of root restriction started around July 16 th, two weeks earlier than that in the control. Although the situation on upper part of primary long branch with the treatment of root restriction appeared four weeks later than that in the control, the differentiation process developed more rapidly of the trees with the treatment of root restriction. Buds on primary s

关 键 词：桃 根域限制 花芽分化 碳氮比 玉米素 脱落酸 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]