混合血清分组检测在艾滋病筛查中应用  

Application of group testing with mixed serum samples in HIV/AIDS screening: an experimental study

作　　者：孟兴法 方跃强[2] 王红华 刘丹丹 徐杰 MENG Xing-fa;FANG Yue-qiang;WANG Hong-hua(Clinic Laboratory,First People＇s Hospital of Fuyang District,Hangzhou,Zhejiang Province 311400,China)

机构地区：[1]杭州市富阳区第一人民医院检验科,浙江杭州311400 [2]浙江省疾病预防控制中心 [3]杭州市富阳区疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2018年第11期1559-1562,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：杭州市农业与社会发展科研项目库入库项目(20171226Y179)

摘　　要：目的探讨混合血清样本分组检测在艾滋病(AIDS)筛查中的可行性。方法于2017年7月—2018年4月运用概率论与数理统计原理设计完整的混合样本数学期望应用模型,并将其应用于浙江省杭州市富阳地区暗娼(FSW)、男男性行为者(MSM)人群和临床手术前病人艾滋病病毒(HIV)抗体的检测,评估模型效能。结果对1 120名FSW、638名MSM和13 500例临床手术前患者进行混合血清免疫酶联吸附法(ELISA)检测HIV抗体,共计检测次数分别减少至67、113和570次,分别减少了94.0%(1 053/1 120)、82.3%(525/638)和95.8%(12 930/13 500)的工作量,检出HIV抗体阳性分别为1、6和6例,结果与逐个检验法一致。结论混合血清分组检测适用于大批量样本HIV抗体筛查,并能显著提高工作效益。Objective To explore the feasibility of group testing with mixed serum samples in human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome （HIV/AIDS） screening. Methods We established a mathematical model for the application of group testing with mixed serum samples based on probability theory and mathematical statistics principle. Then we conducted a mixed serum sample-group testing for detection of HIV antibody with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） among 1 120 female sex workers （FSW）, 638 men who have sex with men （MSM）, and 13 500 preoperative inpatients in Fuyang district of Hangzhou city, Zhejiang province between July 2017 and April 2018. Results Totally 67, 113, and 570 mixed serum sample-group testings and subsequent individual testings for the positive groups were performed for the 1 120 FSW, 638 MSM, and 13 500 preoperative inpatients, with the ratios for the reduced test number of 94.0%, 82.3%, and 95.8%, respectively. The group testings identified 1, 6, and 6 HIV antibody positive individuals among the FSW, MSM, and preoperative patients and the results were consistent with those of separate testing. Conclusion Group testing with mixed serum samples is applicable to the test with a large amount of samples in the screening of HIV infection and could increase detection efficiency significantly.

关 键 词：混合样本 数学模型 艾滋病(AIDS) 筛查 效益 

分 类 号：R373.2[医药卫生—病原生物学]