身体哲思:新唯物主义的本体澄明——纪念马克思诞辰200周年  

Body Philosophy: Ontology Demonstration of The New Materialism——In Memory of the 200th Anniversary of Marx's Birth

作　　者：康渝生[1] KANG Yu-Sheng(School of philosophy,Heilongjiang University,Harbin 150080,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学哲学学院,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《理论探讨》2018年第6期62-68,共7页Theoretical Investigation

基　　金：国家哲学社会科学基金项目"马克思‘真正的共同体’思想与中国特色社会主义实践研究"(13BKS002)阶段性成果

摘　　要：某种意义上讲,当代哲学对于传统的最为深刻的反思莫过于对身体的理论考量。梳理马克思身体哲思的致思逻辑,把握蕴含于其中的本体旨趣,既有助于马克思新唯物主义的本体澄明,对于进一步领悟当代身体哲学的理论真谛也是不无裨益的。在马克思以前的德国古典哲学中,所谓哲学主体性的弘扬,更多地体现为哲学的认识论转向,遵循认识论的致思逻辑,本体是认识的对象,而并非认识的主体。其实,作为认识发生的渊薮,身体即人脑的存在无疑具有主体意义。换言之,身体即人脑才是哲学认知所由生成的本体。概括马克思的致思理路,哲学革命性变革的任务恰恰在于将"颠倒的世界意识"颠倒过来。换言之,赋予哲学"真正的现实性",才是超越传统哲学思维桎梏,实现哲学"改变世界"旨趣的理论必由之路。着眼于人的"真正的现实性",马克思主义创始人阐发了新唯物主义的理论基础。新唯物主义哲学更多地强调了人的肉体对于历史发展的重要意义。为了生存的需要,人们必须以一定的方式生产自己的生活,从而造就了自身发展的历史。事实上,人们对于生产方式或生活方式的选择,完全受制于他们的肉体组织。新唯物主义的身体哲思深刻论证了唯物史观的现实前提,阐明了哲学向现实生活世界回归的理论根据。关于新唯物主义身体哲思的理论审视,并非仅仅为了迎合当代身体哲学的学术潮流,也不是要刻意重申马克思主义哲学的某个既定理论结论。透视新唯物主义的身体哲思,感受蕴含于其中的本体澄明,或可从理论与实践相结合的维度领悟到人之生存的"真正的现实性",从而更加深刻地把握马克思主义的哲学真谛。In a sense, the most profound reflection of contemporary philosophy on tradition is the theoretical consideration of the body. Combing the thinking logic of Marx＇ s body philosophy and grasping the ontology purport contained in it will not only help to ontology demonstration of Marx＇ s new materialism, but also help to further understand the theoretical essence of contemporary body philosophy. In the classical German philosophy before Marx, the promotion of philosophical subjectivity is more reflected in the epistemological turn of philosophy. According to the thinking logic of epistemology, ontology is nothing but the object of cognition, not the subject of cognition. As a matter of fact, as the source of cognition, the existence of the body, namely the human brain, is undoubtedly of the subject significance. In other words, the body, namely the human brain, is the ontology generated by philosophical cognition. To sum up Marx＇ s thinking logic, the task of philosophical revolutionary reform is to precisely turn ＂the reversed world consciousness＂ upside down. In other words, to endow philosophy with ＂real reality＂ is the only way to go beyond the thinking shackles of traditional philosophy and realize philosophical goal of ＂changing the world＂. Focusing on the ＂ real reality＂ of human beings, the founder of marxism elucidated the theoretical basis of new materialism. The new materialism philosophy emphasizes the importance of human body to the development of history. In order to survive, people must produce their own life in a certain way, thus creating their own history of development. In fact, people＇ s choice of mode of production or lifestyle is entirely subject to their physical organization. The bodyl phi- losophy of new materialism profoundly demonstrates the realistic premise of historical materialism and expounds the theoretical basis for the return of philosophy to the real world of life. Theoretical review of the new materialist body philosophy is not only to cater for the acade

关 键 词：马克思 身体哲思 新唯物主义 本体 

分 类 号：A81[哲学宗教—马克思主义哲学]