黄土区不同土层饱和导水率空间变异与影响因素  

Spatial Variation and Influencing Factors of Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity in Different Soil Layers of the Loess Area

作　　者：于冬雪 贾小旭[1,2] 黄来明 YU Dong-xue1,2, JIA Xiao-xu 1,2, HUANG Lai-ming 1,2,(1. Key laboratory of Ecasystem Network Observation and Modeling, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; 2. College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京100190

出　　处：《土壤通报》2018年第5期1073-1079,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41501233;41530854)资助

摘　　要：为掌握黄土区区域尺度不同土层饱和导水率(K_s)空间分布特征,在典型黄土高原地区网格布设243个样点,获取0~10 cm、10~20 cm和20~40 cm土壤K_s及相关环境因子。采用经典统计学与地统计学方法,分析了K_s的空间分布规律、变异特征及影响因素。结果表明:(1)区域尺度不同土层K_s均呈中等程度变异,K_s随土层深度增加而逐渐降低,且不同土层K_s平均值表现为林地>草地>农地;(2)0~10 cm、10~20 cm和20~40 cm土层K_s半方差函数最佳拟合模型分别为球状模型、高斯模型和球状模型,且均具有强烈的空间自相关性;(3)气候、土壤、地形和土地利用方式是影响黄土区区域尺度K_s空间分布的主要因素,可作为模拟区域K_s空间分布状况的预测变量。Saturated hydraulic conductivity （Ks） is one of the important soil hydraulic parameters for soil water and solute transport modeling. To understand the regional spatial variations of Ks and its potential influencing factors at different soil layers, 243 sampling sites were determined across the loess area. Ks was measured at the depth of 0 - 10 cm, 10 - 20 em and 20 - 40 cm from May to August, 2012. Climate, soil, topography and land use data were also collected. The distribution and variation characteristics of Ks at different soil layers were evaluated by using the methods of classical statistics and geostatistics. The results showed that Ks at different soil layers exhibited moderate variation and generally decreased with increasing soil depth in the loess area. In general, the mean Ks at different soil layers were decreased as follows： forestland 〉 grassland 〉 cropland. Semivariograms of Ks was best fitted by the spherical model, the Gaussian model and the spherical model for the 0 - 10 cm, 10 - 20 cm and 20 - 40 cm soil layer, respectively. The degree of spatial dependence was strong for the three soil layers. Climate, soil, topography and land use type were the key factors to affect the spatial distribution of K, at the regional scale of the loess area. These factors could be used to simulate the K, distribution at a regional scale in the loess area.

关 键 词：黄土区 饱和导水率 空间变异 土地利用 分布格局 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]