不同菌剂及发酵时间的花生壳基质对矮牵牛生长发育的影响  

Effect of Peanut Shell Substrate with Different Microbial Agents and Fermentation Time on Growth and Development of P. hybrida

作　　者：盖旭 李伟[1] 刘庆超[1] 刘庆华[1] 王奎玲[1] GAI Xu, LI Wei, LIU Qing-chao, LIU Qing-hua, WANG Kui-ling,(College of Landscape Architecture and Forestry, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《土壤通报》2018年第5期1157-1164,共8页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：山东省重点花卉工程项目(2215008)资助

摘　　要：以矮牵牛为试验材料,分别以添加EM菌、粗纤维降解菌、金宝贝复合菌剂三种外源微生物后不同发酵时期的花生壳材料为栽培基质,以本土菌群不同发酵时期为对照,对矮牵牛在不同处理基质中的生长发育进行检测,从而从生物学角度研究添加外源微生物及不同发酵时间对花生壳基质腐熟程度的影响。结果表明:添加外源微生物可以有效改善基质理化性质及矿质营养;添加EM菌处理发酵腐熟时间最短,为30 d,添加粗纤维降解菌的处理次之,CK组发酵腐熟时间最长,为75 d。栽培试验结果显示:接种生物菌剂能明显促进矮牵牛生长,其中接种粗纤维降解菌并发酵30 d的处理,株高、冠幅、叶面积等显著高于同期其他处理及CK组,其形态综合评价指数最高,为0.714,但始花期及单株着花量均显著低于CK组处理,且随着发酵的继续,矮牵牛的生长有下降趋势;各处理叶片生理指标差异不显著,矮牵牛生长代谢均表现出稳定的状态,生长发育正常。综合基质理化性质变化、形态综合评价指数以及叶片生理指标,接种粗纤维降解菌并发酵30 d的花生壳基质毒性较小,可以作为营养生长栽培基质使用。The plant material used in this experiment was P. hybrida. And the peanut shell material was used as the cultivation matrix. Three kinds of exogenous microorganisms, including Effective Microorganisms, Crude Fiber-degrading Bacteria and King Baby Mixed Bacteria, were added to peanut hull materials, and then were fermented for different times. Meantime, the peanut shell material added with indigenous bacterial genera was fermented at different periods as the control treatment （CK）. The growth and development of P. hybridaa in different treatment substrates were detected. The effects of adding exogenous microorganism and different fermentation time on the compost maturity of peanut shell matrix were studied. The results showed that adding exogenous microorganisms effectively improved the physicochemical properties of the matrix and mineral nutrition. And the fermentation with Effective Microorganisms had the shortest maturity time of 30 days, followed by the treatment with Crude Fiber-degrading Bacteria. The longest maturity time of CK was 75 days. The cultivation matrix of inoculated microbes obviously promoted the growth of P. hybrida. The addition of Crude Fiber-degrading Bacteria and the fermentation of cultivation matrix for 30 d, plant height, crown width, leaf area was significantly higher than the other treatments. The comprehensive evaluation index in the treatment of P. hybrida was the highest, with a value of 0.714, however, the first flowering time and the flower number in this treatment were significantly lower than that in the CK treatment. And with the continuation of the fermentation, the growth of this treated P. hybrida showed a downward trend. There was no significant difference in physiological indices between treatments, and the growth and metabolism of P. hybrida showed the steady state and normal growth and development. According to the change of physical and chemical properties of the matrix, the composite evaluation index of the P. hybrida morphology and the physiological index, the pea

关 键 词：花生壳 代用基质 矮牵牛 生长发育 腐熟程度 

分 类 号：X712[环境科学与工程—环境工程]