润湿剂对我国草本泥炭物理性状改善的作用  

Improvement on Physical Characteristics of Domestic Herbaceous Peat by Wetting Agent

作　　者：高庆月 张秀省[1] 褚鹏飞 戴明勋[1] 侯丹平 王正平[1] GAO Qing-yue, ZHANG Xiu-sheng, CHU Peng-fei, DAI Ming-xun, HOU Dan-ping, WANG Zheng-ping,(Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China)

机构地区：[1]聊城大学,山东聊城252059

出　　处：《土壤通报》2018年第5期1184-1190,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31401338);聊城大学横向课题项目(K16LD28);聊城大学高层次人才科研启动经费(318051421)资助

摘　　要：本试验以国产草本泥炭为材料,设置5个润湿剂喷施浓度处理:以不喷施处理为对照(CK),分别喷施50(T_(50))、100(T_(100))、200(T_(200))和300 ml m^(-3)(T_(300)),研究不同处理对国产草本泥炭物理性状的影响。结果表明,润湿剂喷施浓度100~300 ml m^(-3)处理的泥炭总孔隙度较对照显著增大,其中喷施100 ml m^(-3)处理的总孔隙度和持水孔隙度分别提高了7.23%和16.79%,通气孔隙度降低了17.33%。泥炭大小孔隙比随喷施浓度增加呈先降低后升高的趋势,以喷施100 ml m^(-3)的处理最低,为27.54%;以喷施300 ml m^(-3)时最高,为43.48%。喷施润湿剂对泥炭pH值无显著影响,其饱和含水量显著升高,以喷施100 ml m^(-3)时最高,达222.38%,该处理在24 h和144 h的泥炭水分散失速率均显著低于对照。泥炭连续3次充分湿润时间均表现为T_(300)<T_(200)<T_(100)<T_(50)<CK。综上所述,润湿剂喷施浓度为100 ml m^(-3)的处理有效提升了国产草本泥炭的孔隙特性和保水性能,可为国产优质泥炭的生产提供理论参考。In order to illustrate the effects of wetting agent on physical characteristics of domestic herbaceous peat, five wetting agent concentrations were applied to the peat by spraying： 0 （CK）, 50 （Tso）, 100 （T100）, 200 （T^0） and 300 （T~） ml m-3. Results showed that the total porosity of peat was significantly improved with the application concentration of 100 - 300 ml m-3. In the T100 treatment, the total porosity and water-filled porosity of peat were increased by 7.23% and 16.79%, respectively, while the air-filled porosity decreased by 17.33% compared with the CK treatment. The void ratio of the air-filled porosity to water-filled porosity was the lowest （27.54%） in T100 treatment and the highest （43.48%） in T300 treatment. Although no significant effect of wetting agent on peat pH was found, the saturated water content was enhanced significantly in all treatments, with the highest value of 222.38% found in the treatment T100- Significant lower water loss rate of peat in the treatment of T100 was also observed within either 24 hours or 144 hours after spraying application. The same trends of peat wetting time changing among different treatments were measured as T300 〈 T200 〈 T100 〈 T50 〈 CK for three consecutive times. In conclusion, wetting agent spraying with the concentration of 100 ml m-3 could effectively improve the porosity characteristics and water-retaining property of domestic herbaceous peat, which could provide theoretical basis for domestic high-quality peat production.

关 键 词：润湿剂 草本泥炭 孔隙度 水分散失速率 润湿时间 

分 类 号：S152.5[农业科学—土壤学]