国家科技政策决策组织系统权力配置研究  

A Study of the Power Allocation in the National Science and Technology Policy-making Mechanism

作　　者：王福涛[1] 林天萍 李少抒[1] 杨红明 WANG Futao;LIN Tianping;LI Shaoshu;YANG Hongming(School of Public Administration,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou,Guangzhou,510640;School of Business Administration,Guangdong University of Finance and Economics,Guangzhou,Guangzhou,510320)

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学公共管理学院,广东广州510641 [2]广东财经大学工商管理学院,广东广州510320

出　　处：《自然辩证法通讯》2018年第11期95-104,共10页Journal of Dialectics of Nature

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目"我国产业共性技术供给民营化政策仿真研究"(项目编号:14BGL119);广东省自然科学基金面上项目"财政补贴对专利密集型产业发展乘数效应的作用机理及仿真研究"(项目编号:2016A030313498)

摘　　要：政策决策组织系统内的权力配置是影响决策系统运行绩效的关键因素之一,决策组织结构是决策权力配置的外显形式。以1951年以来中国国家科技事务最高专设领导机构为对象,比较分析支持其运行的政策决策组织系统结构变化,发现为化解国家科技政策决策组织系统合理性与可执行性之间的冲突,权力配置在广义型集权与狭义型集权之间多次调整,但问题却难以解决。中国科技政策决策组织系统存在协调途径单一缺陷,结合中国政策决策实践经验提出进一步发挥预算在科技政策决策中的作用、改变科技政策方案拟定者依靠代理人间接参与政策方案选择活动的方式转为直接参与、深化科学家在政策方案拟定活动中的参与度等建议。Improving the national science and technology policy-making mechanism has been listed as a key task once again. And the power allocation within the policy decision-making organization system is one of the key factors that affect the performance of decision-making mechanism. The decision-making organizational structure is an explicit form of the decision-making power allocation. Taking the highly specialized leading body of national science and technology affairs in China since 1951 as the object, this paper compares and analyzes the changes in the policy decision-making organization system＇s structure that support their operation. It has been found that the power allocation between the generalized-type centralization and the narrow-type centralization is repeatedly adjusted, in order to solve the conflict between rationality and enforceability. Compared with the science and technology decision-making organization system in the United States, there are flaws in China＇s science and technology policy-making organization system： the coordination approaches are limited and scientists are not adequately involved in a direct way. Based on China＇s policy decision-making experience, the paper puts forward corresponding proposals to strengthen the role of budget during decision-making.

关 键 词：科技政策决策 决策组织系统 权力配置 

分 类 号：G301[文化科学]