典型喀斯特山区农业生物质能潜力估算——以贵州省为例  

Quantitative research of agricultural biomass resources for energy utilization in a typical karst mountain area:a case study of Guizhou Province

作　　者：盈斌 王琦 熊康宁 任威 敖文秀 YING Bin;WANG QiI;XIONG Kangning;REN Wei;AO Wenxiu(School of Karst Science,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang 550001,China;State Key Engineering Technology Research Center for Karst Rocky Desertification Rehabilitation,Gaiyang 550001,China;School of Geography ＆ Environmental Science,Guizhou Normal University.Guiyang 550001,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学喀斯特研究院,贵阳550001 [2]国家喀斯特石漠化防治工程技术研究中心,贵阳550001 [3]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵阳550001

出　　处：《生态学报》2018年第21期7688-7698,共11页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0502603);贵州省科技计划项目(黔科合LH[2017]7365);贵州师范大学博士科研启动基金项目(0514168);贵州师范大学创新创业训练计划项目(201710663082)

摘　　要：喀斯特山区生态环境脆弱,能源利用模式低值粗放,开展该区域的农业可利用生物质能潜力研究,对喀斯特山区农村能源建设和生态环境保护具有重要意义。以贵州省为例,在考虑土壤生态保留前提下,利用草谷比、土壤生态保留系数、收集系数、折标系数、副产物系数估算农村地区可利用农业生物质能资源总量。结果表明:(1) 2009—2015年间,贵州省年均可利用生物质能资源量达5191.50×10~4t标准煤,地均和人均农业生物质能资源量分别达到295 t标准煤/km^2和1.48 t标准煤/人,其中年均可能源化利用的达到1974.05×10~4t标准煤,占贵州省同期能源消费总量的21.84%。(2)贵州省生物质能储量结构比例分布不均,畜禽粪便资源利用潜力巨大,贡献值高达85%;其中,牛粪资源蕴藏量达年均3009.78×10~4t标准煤,贡献值达到68.39%,是贵州省最重要的农业生物质能资源。(3)从时序变化特征看,2009—2015年间贵州省生物质能资源量呈现U形结构,2011年达到最低值,这与2010年的西南大旱重要事件耦合。最后,针对贵州省农业生物质能现状,论文提出喀斯特山区应该合理布局秸秆电厂和秸秆固化成型燃料生产企业,提高畜禽的规模化养殖水平并加强农业生产防灾减灾工作,农村生活能源推广以沼气、节柴灶与节能秸秆气化炉高效利用相结合的能源利用结构等建议。The fragile eco-environment, together with low efficiency energy utilization, are typical features of the social- ecological system in Karst mountain areas. It is of great value to determine the potential agricultural biomass resources （ABR） for rural energy construction, and ecological environmental protection of these areas. Based on a case study of Guizhou Province, considering the returning ecological straw biomass for soil and water conservation, this paper estimated the total available ABR in rural areas using the residue to product ratio, ecological returning coefficient, collection coefficient, conversion coefficient to standard energy, and process residue factor. The results showed that ： （ 1 ） from 2009 to 2015, the ABR of Guizhou Province increased to 5191.50 × 104 tce annually, with a density of 295 tce/km ^2 and 1.48 tce/ person, respectively. About 1974.05 × 10^4 tce of energy-oriented biomass resources are available annually, accounting lor 21.85% of the total energy consumption during the same period in Guizhou; （2） the proportion of biomass energy reserves in Guizhou Province is unevenly distributed. The potential utilization of livestock and poultry waste is considerable, with a contribution value up to 85% ; the average amount of cattle feces biomass is up to 3009.78x 104 tce annually, with a 68.39% contribution to the total animal excrement, which is the most important ABR in Guizhou Province; （3） a U-shaped temporal characteristic change in ABR occurred during 2009 to 2015 in Guizhou Province, with the lowest level in 2011, which showed a coupling with an important ecological event of the southwest drought disaster in 2010. Finally, based on the current agricultural biomass resources in Guizhou Province, this paper suggests that the straw power plants and straw curing for fuel factories should be distributed evenly in the karst mountain area, improving the current scale of livestock breeding, strength stoves, ening agricultural disaster prevention, and popularizing the com

关 键 词：喀斯特山区 生物质能 潜力估算 

分 类 号：F323.214[经济管理—产业经济]