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作 者:叶舒宪[1,2] YE Shuxian(Higher Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences,Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an Shaanxi,710119;Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai,200240,China)
机构地区:[1]陕西师范大学人文高等研究院,陕西西安710119 [2]上海交通大学,上海200240
出 处:《百色学院学报》2018年第5期2-17,共16页JOURNAL OF BAISE UNIVERSITY
基 金:上海市社会科学研究创新基地"中华创世神话研究";上海交通大学神话学研究院资助
摘 要:文学人类学的理论建构,聚焦文化文本的符号编码和解读,包括方法论的四重证据法,尝试依据本土的考古发现新知识,再造一种大小传统贯通的新文化观、历史观和一种因果解释链,拓展出不光依赖文字和文献的综合性文史研究范式。文章以《周易》龙血玄黄神话的原型探索为例,通过大传统的玉礼器颜色象征系统,揭示玉与龙的神话对应,归纳出华夏文明的二元色符号模式,命名为"玄黄二元编码"。它如同一种能够转换生成的叙事语法,体现在黄帝及其导师力黑、玄女(素女)的命名和相关叙事中,诸如黄帝与玄珠神话,黄帝与玄玉神话,《道德经》的尚玄说与《山海经》珥两蛇(青蛇、黄蛇)神话等一系列文本生产中。再依据出土的距今5300-4000年间的中原史前玉礼器为第四重证据,验证《尚书》等有关玄圭(夏)、玄钺(周)、玄璧(周)叙事的实物原型,论说一个长达千年的以深色蛇纹石玉料为主的"玄玉时代",揭示《礼记》"夏人尚黑"说的大传统文化底蕴。The theoretical construction of literary anthropology focuses on the symbolic coding and interpretation of cultural texts, including the four-evidence method of methodology. It attempts not only to discover new knowledge based on local archaeology, but also to recreate a new cultural concept, historical view, and a casual ex- planation cut through by great and little traditions. A causal explanation chain that expands the comprehensive literature and history research paradigm that is not only dependent on words and literature. Ans thus a comprehensive paradigm of literature and history research that relies not only on words and literature is expanded. Taking the proto- type exploration of the myth the Beginning of Dragon Blood in Zhouyi as an example, and through the color sym- bol system of ritual jade wares, this article reveals the mythical correspondence between jade and dragon, and coneludes the binary color symbol pattern of Chinese civilization as "Binary Coding of Xuan-Huang". Like a narrative grammar that can be transformed and generated, it is embodied in the naming and related narratives of the Yellow Emperor and his mentor, Lihei and Xuannv, such as the myth of the Yellow Emperor and Xuanzhu, the myth of the Yellow Emperor and Xuanyu, and the myth of Xuanshang in The Classic of the Virtue of the Tao, and the myth of Green Snake and Yellow Snake in The Book of Mountains and Seas and the like. And then based the Central Plains prehistoric ritual jade wares 5300-4000 years ago, as the fourfold evidence, the article tries to verify the physical prototypes of Xuangui (Xia Dynasty), Xuanzang (Zhou Dynasty), and Xuanzang (Zhou Dynasty) narratives. It also expounds the thousand-year-long "Xuanyu Era" mainly based on dark serpentine jade, revealing the great traditional cultural heritage the Xia Dynasty worshipping the black in Book of Rites.
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