砂岩直覆顶板预裂爆破矿压控制技术  

Pre-splitting Blasting Control Technology for Roof Covered by Sandstone Directly

作　　者：朱先龙 陈苗虎 付宝杰[2] ZHU Xianlong;CHEN Miaohu;FU Baojie(Huai Mine West Mine Investment Management Co.,Ltd.,Ordos 017000,China;Shool of Energy and Safety,Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]淮矿西部煤矿投资管理有限公司,内蒙古鄂尔多斯017000 [2]安徽理工大学能源与安全学院,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《煤矿安全》2018年第11期77-79,83,共4页Safety in Coal Mines

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51674007;51574007)

摘　　要：赋存于煤层顶板的关键岩层破断会引起采场强烈的矿压显现,尤其是直接赋存于煤层顶板的厚硬砂岩层作为主关键层,其破断容易引发矿山动力灾害。针对某工作面顶板厚砂岩直覆特征,运用关键层理论分析了该岩层梁式初次断裂的极限步距、周期性跨落步距及相应的支护阻力要求,为使工作面支架能够承载顶板压力,切眼向前每隔20 m采用超前深孔预裂爆破措施。矿压实测结果表明,厚砂岩的强制放顶减缓了顶板载荷对支架的作用,实现了现有支护设备条件下工作面的安全回采。The fracture of the key strata in the roof of coal seam will lead to the strong mining pressure, especially the hard and thick sandstone layer in the coal seam roof as the main key stratum, its breakage easily leads to mine power disaster. In view of the overlying characteristics of thick sandstone on the roof of a working face, the key strata theory is used to analyze the ultimate step, periodic caving step distance and the corresponding support resistance requirements in the primary fracture of the rock beam.In order to enable the working face supports to bear roof pressure, the pre-splitting blasting measure of the advanced deep hole is used every 20 m before the cut hole. The measured results of mine pressure show that the forced roof caving of thick sandstone can slow down the effect of roof load on the support and realize the safe mining under the existing supporting equipment.

关 键 词：顶板控制 厚砂岩层 砂岩直覆顶板 支架阻力 预裂爆破 

分 类 号：TD322[矿业工程—矿井建设]