湘西少数民族健康人群脊髓灰质炎疫苗免疫效果监测分析  

Surveillance polio immunity levels in healthy population by immunization poliovirus vaccine in Xiangxi minority area

作　　者：莫英瑛 黎祺 陈圆梦 MO Ying-ying;LI Qi;CHEN Yuan-meng(EPI,Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Xiangxi Tufia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture,Jishou 416000,Hunan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]湘西土家族苗族自治州疾病预防控制中心免疫规划科,湖南吉首416000

出　　处：《微生物学免疫学进展》2018年第5期66-69,共4页Progress In Microbiology and Immunology

摘　　要：目的了解湘西少数民族地区健康人群脊髓灰质炎(poliomyelitis,以下简称脊灰)免疫水平及1岁内儿童完成脊灰疫苗基础免疫后的免疫效果,为制定脊灰免疫策略提供科学依据。方法随机抽取湘西土家族苗族自治州345名健康人群调查脊髓灰质炎免疫水平,同时选择50名1岁内完成脊灰疫苗基础免疫1个月后的婴幼儿调查免疫成功率,采用微细胞中和试验检测脊灰中和抗体水平。结果 1岁内婴幼儿脊灰I型和III型中和抗体阳性率均为100%,I型和III型抗体几何平均滴度(GMT)分别为1∶916.51和1∶724.09。健康人群中脊灰I型和III型中和抗体阳性率分别为92.26%和97.39%,脊灰I型和III型GMT分别为1∶174.03和1∶95.84;同年龄组中I型GMT均高于III型,0～<3岁组I型和III型GMT最高,各型GMT随着年龄的增长均呈现下降趋势。结论湘西土家族苗族自治州针对脊灰疫苗冷链运转情况好,疫苗接种质量与效果好,脊灰疫苗接种免疫成功率高,健康人群免疫状况良好,已形成牢固的免疫屏障,能有效地控制和阻断脊灰野病毒的传播。Objective To understand the effect of poliomyelitis（ simplified as polio） immunity in healthy population and the immune effect for children by poliovirus vaccination within 1 year of age in Xiangxi minority area,and to provide a scientific basis for the development of polio immunization strategies. Methods A total of 345 individuals were randomly selected and investigated from healthy population in Xiangxi area,and 1 month after 50 infants within one year age completed primary immunization with polio vaccine,who were randomly sellected and surveyed on the successful immunization rate. Neutralizing antibody levels of polioviruses were measured by using micro cell neutralization by antibody inhibition of virus. Results The positive rates for neutralizing antibodies of polio type I and type III in infants within 1 year were 100%,and the geometric mean titer（ GMT） for both types antibodies were 1 ∶ 916.51 and 1 ∶ 724.09,respectively. Neutralizing antibodies positive rates of polio type I and type III in healthy people were 92.26% and 97.39%. The GMTs of polio type I and type III were 1 ∶174.03 and 1 ∶ 95.84,In the same age group,the GMTs of type I were higher than type III. GMT of type I and type III was the highest in the 0—〈3 years group. GMT showed a downward trend along with age growing. Conclusion The cold chain was operated well,polio vaccination obtained a good quality and effect,with a high rate in successful vaccination in Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture. The healthy population maintained in a good immunization level and the immune protective barrier was developed,on which wild polio virus spread could be effectively controlled and blocked.

关 键 词：健康人群 免疫水平 免疫成功率 监测 

分 类 号：R512.4[医药卫生—内科学]