枣庄地区香樟冻害类型及主要气象因子影响分析  

Freeze Injury Types of Camphor Tree and Influence Analysis of Primary Meteorological Factors in Zaozhuang Area

作　　者：胡园春 张红艳 HU Yuanchun, ZHANG Hongyan(1. Yicheng District Bureau of Meteorology of Zaozhuang City, Zaozhuang Shandong 277300, China; 2. Zaozhuang Meteorological Bureau, Zaozhuang Shandong 277000, China)

机构地区：[1]枣庄市峄城区气象局,山东枣庄277300 [2]枣庄市气象局,山东枣庄277000

出　　处：《农业工程》2018年第10期126-129,共4页AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

摘　　要：冻害是北方引种香樟的重要制约因素,研究主要气象因子对香樟冻害的影响,对北方引种及驯化具有指导意义。该研究按秋末初冬气温骤降型和严冬持续低温冻害型。选取枣庄市近几年较重2次冻害,对造成2次低温冻害的几种气象因子进行对比分析,并对相关气象要素和冻害结果进行相关性检验。结果表明:(1)秋末初冬气温骤降型冻害的关键因子是降温幅度和极端低温的强度;(2)严冬持续低温冻害分析的关键因子是极端低温强度和香樟冻害临界温度的持续时间,地面极端低温对1～3年生新植香樟影响较大;(3)2015年11月和2016年1月的2次冻害叠加是造成枣庄市2016年香樟树毁灭性打击的关键因素。Freeze injury is one significant restriction factor for introducing camphor tree in the northern area. Researches on primary meteorological factors＇ influences on freeze injuries of camphor tree possessed guiding significance to introduction and acclimation of camphor tree in the northern area. The study selected two more serious freezing hazards in recent years in Zaozhuang city according to types of cold freezing hazards in early winter and severe winter,a comparative analysis of several meteorological factors causing two cold freezing injuries was conducted. Correlation between meteorological elements and freezing damage was tested. Analysis results showed as follows：（1）some key factors of cold injury caused by sudden temperature drop in late autumn and early winter were intensity of temperature drop and extreme low temperature;（2）key factors in analysis of freezing injury of winter were extreme low temperature intensity and duration of critical temperature of camphor,extreme low temperature on ground had a great influence on 1 ～ 3 year-old newly planted camphor tree; two frostbite stacking in November 2015 and January 2016 were key factors in devastating attack of camphor tree in zaozhuang city in 2016;（3）key factor of crushing blow to camphor trees in 2016 in Zaozhuang was superposition of two freeze injuries in November 2015 and January 2016.

关 键 词：香樟 冻害类型 气象因子 

分 类 号：S761.3[农业科学—森林保护学]