万能硬度计图像测量装置的研制  

Development of Image Measuring Device Based on Universal Hardness Tester

作　　者：刘阁 刘德峰[1] 高云端[1] 王文瑾 LIU Ge;LIU De-feng;GAO Yun-duan;WANG Wen-jin(Advanced Sensor Center,AVIC Beijing Changcheng Aeronautic Measurement and Control Technology Research Institute,Beijing 101111,China)

机构地区：[1]航空工业集团公司北京长城航空测控技术研究所先进传感器中心,北京101111

出　　处：《测控技术》2018年第B11期304-307,共4页Measurement & Control Technology

摘　　要：硬度是材料力学特性的重要检测指标。传统的人工检测方式效率低、示值重复性差、操作复杂。研制基于图像测量方式的多功能硬度计对于提升硬度检测的标准化、自动化具有重要现实意义。从设计角度介绍了2．5kN万能硬度计图像测量装置的设计研制。该装置采用同轴光源对硬度压痕进行成像。上位机根据拍摄到的压痕图像进行维氏、布氏的自动识别测量，确定压痕的边缘轮廓和对角顶点后换算出对应的硬度值。做为检测仪器智能化水平的一种象征，图像测量装置还具有自动对焦功能，系统通过建立评价函数进行正焦位置的搜索，使成像效果达到最佳。一系列实验效果表明，这种借助图像方式的测量装置对不同材料表面的硬度压痕具有较好的识别有效性和极佳的示值重复性。不仅大大简化了操作的复杂性，而且减少了人为对测量不确定度的影响，填补了国产同类仪器设备的一项空白。Hardness is an important mechanical property of materials. The traditional manual detection methods have low efficiency, poor reproducibility of display ralues and complicated operation. It is of great significance to develop a muhifunctional hardness tester based on image measurement for improving the standardization and automation of hardness testing. The design and development of image measuring device based on the 2. 5 kN u- niversal hardness tester are introduced. The device uses coaxial light source for imaging. The computer can au- tomatically identify and measure the edge of Vickers and Busi indentation according to the imaging effect, while displaying the corresponding hardness value. As a symbol of the intelligence level, image measurement device also has an autofocus function. The system searches for the focal position by establishing evaluation function to optimize the imaging effect. A series of experimental results show that this kind of measuring device with image mode has better recognition effectiveness and excellent repeatability for the hardness indentation of different materials surface. It not only greatly simplifies the operation complexity, but also reduces the artificial influence on the measurement uncertainty, and fills a gap in the domestic similar instrument equipment.

关 键 词：图像测量 硬度压痕 自动识别 自动对焦 

分 类 号：TP278[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]