老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者自我管理知识-态度-行为现状及影响因素的研究  

Current status of self-management knowledge, attitude, behavior and influencing factors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

作　　者：罗倩[1] 王连红[1] 韩碟 张莉[1] LUO Qian;WANG Lianhong;HAN Die;ZHANG Li(The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College,Zunyi,Guizhou 563003,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]遵义医学院附属医院,贵州遵义563003

出　　处：《中国呼吸与危重监护杂志》2018年第6期552-556,共5页Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine

基　　金：贵州省教育厅项目[黔教合KY字(2016)205];汇川区科技计划项目[遵汇科合(2017)17号]

摘　　要：目的了解黔北地区老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者自我管理知识、态度及行为现状,并对其影响因素进行分析。方法采用自行编制的《慢性阻塞性肺疾病自我管理知识、态度及行为调查表》,对329例慢阻肺患者进行调查,采用SPSS17.0软件进行数据统计分析。结果慢阻肺患者的自我管理知识、态度及行为总得分为(132.6±17.0)分,各维度得分高低依次为吸烟状况、用药治疗、运动锻炼、家庭氧疗。多元逐步回归分析显示年龄、性别、居住地、文化程度、病程及吸烟等是慢阻肺患者自我管理的主要影响因素。结论老年慢阻肺患者对慢阻肺认知、态度及行为的自我管理水平亟待提高。知识的掌握是促进患者健康行为的关键因素。医务人员进行健康宣教时,应重点关注其影响因素,以患者为中心,运用新的思维与方法提高患者的自我管理能力,改善其生活质量。Objective To investigate the current status of self-management knowledge, attitude and behavior and influencing factors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） in Qianbei area, and to analyze the influencing factors. Methods A total of 329 COPD patients were recruited and investigated with self-compiled questionnaire for self-management knowledge, attitude and behavior of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and SPSS 17.0 software was used to analyze the data. Results The mean score of self-management knowledge, attitude and behavior in COPD patients was 132.6±17.0, in which the scores of each dimension from high to low were as follows： smoking, medication treatment, exercise and family oxygen therapy. The analysis of stepwise regression indicated that the main influencing factors of self-management of COPD patients were age, sex, address, degree of education, course of disease and smoking. Conclusions The self-management level of the disease recognition, attitude and behavior in COPD patients should be improved, in which the knowledge is key factor to promote the health behavior of patients. So the healthy workers should pay close attention to the influence factors and apply the new thinking pattern and methods to improve the self-management ability and the quality of life of patients.

关 键 词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病 知识 态度 行为 自我管理 

分 类 号：R563.9[医药卫生—呼吸系统]