退火工艺对Fe-Cr-Al型不锈钢微观组织和力学性能的影响  

Effects of annealing process on microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-Cr-Al stainless steel

作　　者：魏茂源[1] 史文杰[1] 王洪真 Wei Maoyuan;Shi Wenjie;Wang Hongzhen(College of Engineering,Yantai Nanshan University,Yantai Shandong 265700,China;Yantai Nanshan Vocational-Technical School,Yantai Shandong 265713,China)

机构地区：[1]烟台南山学院工学院,山东烟台265700 [2]烟台市南山职业技术学校,山东烟台265713

出　　处：《金属热处理》2018年第11期181-185,共5页Heat Treatment of Metals

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金(ZR2018MEM007)

摘　　要：对一种节约型Fe-Cr-Al铁素体不锈钢（0. 005C-16Cr-6Al-0. 0003S-0. 010P,质量分数）进行了研究,探讨了退火温度和时间对其力学性能和微观组织的影响规律。运用金相显微镜、扫描电镜和EBSD表征了微观组织,测试了力学性能。试验结果表明：退火温度的变化对强度指标的影响较大,当退火温度由700℃提高到850℃,退火时间在10～20 min时,屈服强度和抗拉强度的降低区间分别在50～70 MPa和50～55 MPa;在750～850℃的较高退火温度范围内,退火时间的变化对强度指标的影响程度较小;随退火温度的提高,伸长率呈现出先增加后缓慢降低的趋势,在750℃的退火温度下达到最高值,加工硬化指数n值随退火温度的升高表现出增加的趋势;退火制度为750℃×15 min时,微观结构中{111}织构的比例明显高于{hkl}〈110〉织构,断口处韧窝密集且细小,提高了韧窝间的牵制力,利于塑性性能的提升。Effects of annealing temperature and time on mechanical properties and microstructure of a Fe-Cr-Al ferritic stainless steel （0. 005 C-16 Cr-6 Al-0. 0003 S-0. 010 P,mass fraction） were investigated. The microstructure was characterized by OM,SEM and EBSD,and the mechanical properties were tested. The results indicate that the annealing temperature has obvious effect on strength. The reduction of yield strength and tensile strength are 50-70 MPa and 50-55 MPa respectively while the annealing temperature increases from 700 ℃ to 850 ℃ and the annealing time is 10-20 min. The influence of annealing time on strength is small while annealed at 750-850 ℃. The elongation has an increasing trend at first and then decreases with the increase of the annealing temperature,and has the peak value at 750 ℃. The hardening value n has an increasing trend with increasing annealing temperature. The portion of {111} uvw is greater than that of {hkl} 110 ,and the dimples are concentrated and fine when annealed at 750 ℃ for 15 min,which improves the pull force and elevated the plasticity.

关 键 词：铁素体不锈钢 退火工艺 微观组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG142.7[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]