海洋资源环境承载能力监测预警指标体系和技术方法示范性验证及修改建议——以天津市汉沽海域为例  

The Exemplary Verification and the Amendment Suggestions of the Index System and the Evaluation Method of Marine Resources and Environment Carrying Capacity Monitoring and Early-warning——A Case Study of Hangu Sea Area of Tianjin

作　　者：马玉艳 张秋丰[1,2,3] 陈燕珍 屠建波[1,2] 孙欢 薄文杰[1,2] 高文胜 MA Yuyan;ZHANG Qiufeng;CHEN Yanzhen;TU Jianb;SUN Huan;BO Wenjie;GAO Wensheng(Tianjin Marine Environment Monitoring Central Station,Tianjin 300157,China;Tianjin Marine Env ronment Monitoring and Forecast Center,Tianjin 300157,China;Fourth institute of oceanography,SOA Beihai 536000,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局天津海洋环境监测中心站,天津300457 [2]天津市海洋环境监测预报中心,天津300457 [3]国家海洋局第四海洋研究所,北海536000

出　　处：《海洋开发与管理》2018年第11期52-60,共9页Ocean Development and Management

基　　金：基于生态系统服务的海洋生态承载能力评价指标体系(SOA-REBC-2016-02)

摘　　要：文章采用《海洋资源环境承载能力监测预警指标体系和技术方法指南(草案稿)》(以下简称《技术指南》)开展了天津汉沽海域海洋资源环境承载能力评估试点研究与示范性验证,验证了《技术指南》中指标体系、评估阈值与评估方法的适用性,根据验证结果提出了相应的修改建议。建议:一是调整海洋空间资源承载能力影响因子;二是海洋环境承载状况建议以区域近10年水质达标率最大值作为可载的判断标准并增加沉积物综合污染指数;三是海洋生态承载状况指标建议采用游泳动物生物量指标,增加浮游生物、底栖生物指标并建议以区域10年平均值为基准;四是生态环境风险状态考虑赤潮面积;五是指标权重值确定建议采用层次分析法。综合考虑生态系统的完整性以及区域特点重新构建了天津汉沽海域海洋资源环境承载能力评估模型,该模型得出的评估结果总体上略好于《技术指南》。上述研究成果可为进一步完善国家海洋资源环境承载能力监测预警工作提供技术支撑。In this paper, the pilot study and exemplary verification of evaluation of marine re sources and environment carrying capacity in Hangu sea area of Tianjin were carried out by the ＂Technical Manual of the Index System and evaluation methods of Marine Resources and Envi ronment Carrying Capacity Monitoring and Early Warning＂.The index system,evaluation thresh old and evaluation methods in the Technical Manual were verified,and the corresponding revising suggestions were put forward according to the results of the verification. There were five amend ment suggestions.First,the impact factors of the capacity of marine space resources should be ad justed.Second,the maximum of the rate of water quality reaching standard in water environment function zones during the past 10 years should be taken as the standard of within carrying status and the pollution comprehensive index of sediment should be increased.Third, the cell abundance of phytoplankton ,the density and the biomass of zooplankton and benthos, the biomass of nekton and the diversity index（H＇） should be used to the index of ecological carrying capacity and the av erage of past 10 years of these index should be taken as the standard.Fourth,the area of red tide should be used to the index of the state of ecological environment risk.Fifth,the weight of the in dex should be determined by the analytic hierarchy process （AHP）.The evaluation model of the carrying capacity of marine resources and environment in Hangu sea area was rebuilt in considera tion of the integrity of the ecosystem and the regional characteristics. The evaluation results ob tained by the new model were generally slightly better than the technical Manual. The above re search results can provide technical support for further improving the index system and evaluation methods of the monitoring and early warning of marine resources and environmental carrying capacity.

关 键 词：海洋资源环境 承载能力 指标体系 示范性验证 天津汉沽海域 

分 类 号：X82[环境科学与工程—环境工程] P76[天文地球—海洋科学]