氮素形态及水分胁迫对水稻根系水分吸收的影响机制  

Effects of Nitrogen Forms and Water Stress on the Water Absorption of Root Systems Among the Different Rice Cultivars

作　　者：杨秀霞 燕辉[1] 商庆银 周春火 郭世伟[2] YANG Xiu-xia;YAN Hui;SHANG Qing-yin;ZHOU Chun-huo;GUO Shi-wei(Collegeof Land Resources and Environmental Sciences;College of Agronomy,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;College of Resources and Environmental Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院,南昌330045 [2]南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京210095 [3]江西农业大学农学院,南昌330045

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2018年第21期51-56,59,共7页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31460540;30871587)

摘　　要：采用室内营养液培养及PEG6000模拟水分胁迫的方法,研究不同形态氮素营养(铵态氮和硝态氮)和水分条件对4种基因型水稻汕优63、扬稻6号、86优8、武运粳7号根系生理特性和水分吸收途径的影响。结果表明,在2种水分条件下,供铵营养水稻整株生物量均显著高于硝营养水稻,在水分胁迫条件下表现出较强的抗旱性。水分胁迫条件下供铵态氮营养水稻的根系具有较高的根系活力、吸收面积和水分吸收能力。在非水分胁迫条件下,供铵态氮和硝态氮营养水稻根系水分吸收和运输途径相同;水分胁迫后,硝营养水稻的水分运输途径以运输阻力较大的质外体途径为主,尤其在粳稻品种中表现显著。就不同基因型水稻品种而言,籼稻品种在供铵态氮营养时地上部干重显著高于粳稻品种,且籼稻品种在水分胁迫条件下供铵态氮营养时根系总吸收面积、活跃吸收面积和根系活力也显著高于粳稻品种,表现出较强的水分吸收能力。In order to study the effects of different nitrogen forms and water stress on physiological characteristics and water absorption pathway of root system,hydroponic experiment was conducted in a greenhouse. Water stress was simulated by treatment with polyethylene glycol（PEG6000）. Four rice（Oryza sativa L.） genotypic varieties （Shanyou 63,Yangdao 6,86you 8 and Wuyunjing 7） were utilized in the experiments. The results showed that regardless of water conditions,rice biomass was higher in the plants supplied with ammonium nutrition than that in nitrate nutrition. Under water stress condition, root activity, absorption area and water uptake ability were higher in the plants supplied with ammonium nutrition than that in nitrate nutrition. Regardless of water status, water uptake and transport were mainly through cell-cell passway in the plants supplied with ammonium nutrition; as for the plants supplied with nitrate nutrition, they were mainly through cell-cell pathway under non-water stress condition and throught apoplastic pathway under water stress condition. Compared with non-water stress condition, water stress significantly stimulated root growth in both N forms, and the stimulation was higher in nitrate nutrition. As to indica rice,water stress had no negative effects on shoot biomass and tillers in the plants supplied with ammonium nutrition, while significantly decreased them in nitrate nutrition. As to japonica rice, water stress significantly decreased shoot biomass and tillers in both N forms.

关 键 词：水分胁迫 氮素形态 水稻(Oryza SATIVA L.) 水分吸收 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]