光合作用合成生物学研究现状及未来发展策略  

Research Status and Future Development Strategies of Synthetic Biology in Photosynthesis

作　　者：朱新广[1] 熊燕[2] 阮梅花[2] 刘晓[2] 徐健[3] 钟超[4] ZHU Xinguang;XIONG Yan;RUAN Meihua;LIU Xiao;XU Jian;ZHONG Chao(CAS Center for Excellence of Molecular Plant Sciences,National Key Laboratory for Plant Molecular Genetics,Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200032,China;Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200031,China;Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266101,China;ShanghaiTech University,Shanghai 201210,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院植物生理生态研究所植物分子植物卓越中心和分子遗传国家重点实验室,上海200032 [2]中国科学院上海生命科学研究院(上海营养与健康研究院),上海200031 [3]中国科学院青岛生物能源与过程研究所,青岛266101 [4]上海科技大学,上海201210

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2018年第11期1239-1248,共10页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA08020301;XDB27020105);中国科学院国际合作项目(GJHZ1501);国家自然科学基金面上项目(31870214);国家高技术研究发展计划(2014AA101601);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2015CB150104)

摘　　要：首先介绍光合作用在国际及国内研究现状,进而简介当前光合作用合成生物学作为一个新兴学科其主要研究范围及进展,提出我国光合作用合成生物学研究目前面临提高其研究系统性、与需求更紧密结合及提高支持力度等需求。鉴于光合作用对未来粮食安全、能源安全及可持续性生态环境维持具有重要战略意义,其未来发展需聚焦于已有光合作用系统优化、光合系统与光合同化产物利用途径协同、跨物种间光合系统重构、全新光合途径构建、光合系统与生物材料耦合等研究方向。This perspective first introduces the current status of photosynthesis research in China and in the world, followed by a brief discussion of the major progress of photosynthesis synthetic biology. Then we demonstrate the major weakness of current photosynthesis synthetic biology research in China, which includes fragmented research topics, lack of strong link to its end application and shortage of research funding, etc. Photosynthesis research will play a crucial role for the future global food security, energy security, and maintenance of a sustainable ecosystem and environment. The future photosynthesis synthetic biology research can focus on optimization of existing photosynthetic systems, coordination of photosystem with the metabolisms consuming photosynthate, reconstruction of existing efficient photosynthetic systems, construction of novel photosynthetic systems, and creation of hybrid systems by combining photosynthetic systems and novel bio-material. To effectively promote photosynthesis systems biology research, we propose to establish a series of technical platforms and theories and corresponding policies.

关 键 词：光合作用 育种 能源 合成生物学 环境 粮食安全 

分 类 号：Q945.11[生物学—植物学]