黄河口典型咸、淡水交互区湿地土壤氮和磷分布特征  

Distribution Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Soils of Typical Saltwater-freshwater Interface Wetlands of the Yellow River Delta

作　　者：李怀[1] 阎百兴[1] 李海彦[1] 徐兴健 LI Huai;YAN Baixing;LI Haiyan;XU Xingjian(Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment,Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,Jilin,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院湿地生态与环境重点实验室中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所

出　　处：《湿地科学》2018年第5期679-683,共5页Wetland Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2017YFC0505901,2018YFD0800904);国家自然科学基金项目(41401548);国家留学基金委项目(201804910339)资助

摘　　要：以黄河口典型咸、淡水交互区湿地土壤为研究对象,在离岸距离0 m、50 m、150 m、250 m和350 m处,分别布设5个采样点,于2017年10月15日,分别采集0～10 cm、10～20 cm和20～40 cm深度的土壤样品,测定其氮、磷含量和其它土壤理化指标,并分析其空间分布规律和可能的来源。研究结果表明,土壤全氮质量比为132.93～787.76 mg/kg,且离岸越远,0～10 cm深度土壤全氮含量越小,而10～20 cm和20～40 cm深度土壤全氮含量越大;各层土壤全磷质量比为543.04～642.04 mg/kg,随着土壤深度的增加,在岸边0 m处,土壤全磷含量逐渐减小,但在离岸最远的350 m处,10～20 cm和20～40 cm深度土壤全磷含量则高于0～10 cm深度土壤的;各层土壤有效磷质量比为4.68～11.24 mg/kg;各形态氮含量与有机质含量密切相关,土壤中的氮可能主要来自于内源,如有机质的分解;有效磷含量与土壤含盐量关系密切,土壤中的有效磷可能来自于外源,如海水入侵（潮汐流）;全磷可能主要来自外源,如潮流和径流的双向胁迫,且土壤容重对其也有一定的影响。Soil samples were collected at the depth of 0-40 cm along a 350 m sampling belt in typical saltwaterfreshwater interface wetlands of Yellow River Delta on October 15, 2017. Nitrogen and phosphorus contents and physical-chemical properties of the soils were determined to investigate their spatial distributions and identify the possible sources. The results showed that total nitrogen contents were 132.93-787.76 mg/kg,which decreased along the sampling belt in surface layer（0-10 cm）, while increasing in middle and lower layers（10-20 cm, 20-40 cm）. Total phosphorus contents of the soils were 543.04-642.04 mg/kg, which decreased gradually with depth increasing along soil profiles（distance from the shore was 0 m）, while total phosphorus contents were higher in middle and lower layers（distance from the shore was 350 m）. Available phosphorus contents were between 4.68-11.24 mg/kg. The nitrogen species were associated significantly with organic matter content, which might mainly derive from the decomposition of organic matter. Available phosphorus contents were greatly influenced by soil salinity. Total phosphorus contents might be associated with the dual stress of tide and runoff.

关 键 词：黄河口 咸、淡水交互区 湿地 氮 磷 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]