长期CO_2加富对温室辣椒结果期光合生理及产量的影响  

Effect of long-time CO_2 enrichment on photosynthetic physiology and yields of solar greenhouse pepper during fruiting

作　　者：杨志刚[1,2] 崔世茂[1] 胡栓红[2] 宋阳[1] 孙潜[1] 潘璐[1] 张颖力[2] YANG Zhigang;CUI Shimao;HU Shuanhong;SONG Yang;SUN Qian;PAN Lu;ZHANG Yingli(College of Agronomy,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010019,China;Vegetable Institutes,Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010031,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学农学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010019 [2]内蒙古农牧业科学院蔬菜研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010031

出　　处：《西北农林科技大学学报（自然科学版）》2018年第12期65-73,共9页Journal of Northwest A&F University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31060269);国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系呼和浩特综合试验站项目(CARS-25-G-15);内蒙古农牧业科学院青年创新基金项目(2014QNJJN09);内蒙古教育厅研究生科研创新资助项目(B20141012903Z)

摘　　要：【目的】研究长期CO_2加富对日光温室辣椒盛果期光合生理和产量的影响及其生理基础,为日光温室辣椒CO_2施肥提供科学依据。【方法】以温室辣椒为材料,设定3个不同CO_2加富处理,分别为不施用CO_2(对照),CO_2含量为(600±50)和(1 200±50)μL/L,研究长期CO_2加富对温室辣椒光合生理变化规律的影响,并对其生理机理进行探究。【结果】长期CO_2加富处理有利于辣椒净光合速率增加,促进作用在加富处理40d后会逐渐降低,出现了光合适应现象,但加富CO_2处理辣椒的净光合速率仍显著高于对照,其中加富CO_2(1 200±50)μL/L的处理在整个试验期对辣椒净光合速率的促进作用最为显著。长期CO_2加富降低了辣椒叶片的蒸腾速率和气孔导度,促进了辣椒叶片胞间CO_2浓度的升高;增加了辣椒生物产量和经济产量,其中加富CO_2(1 200±50)μL/L的处理,辣椒生物产量、经济产量分别较对照增加15.2%和13.0%。Rubisco和Rubisco活化酶对光合作用的调节作用,是辣椒产生光合适应现象的主要因素,气孔导度的变化不是引起光合适应现象的主要因素。【结论】日光温室中,在辣椒盛果期进行(1 200±50)μL/L长期CO_2加富施肥较适宜。[Objective] This paper studied the effect of long time CO2 enrichment on photosynthetic physiology and yields of pepper in solar greenhouse and the physiological basis to provide basis for theoret ical CO2 fertilization. [Method] Three treatments including no CO2 enrichment, （600 ± 50） μL/L and （1 200±50） μL/L CO2 enrichment were used to investigated the effect of long time CO2 enrichment on photosynthetic physiology of pepper in greenhouse and explored the physiological mechanism. [Result]Long time C02 enrichment during fruiting in solar greenhouse increased net photosynthetic rate of pepper.The promoting effect of long time CO2 enrichment on net photosynthetic rate of pepper was gradually decreased,and the pepper appeared photosynthetic adaptation after 40 days,but net photosynthetic rates of pepper under CO2 enrichment were still significantly higher than those in control. The CO2 enrichment treatment of （1 200 ± 50） μL/L had the largest promotion effect on net photosynthetic rate of pepper. Long time CO2 enrichment decreased transpiration rate and stomatal conductance of pepper leaf ,while prorooted intercellular CO2 concentration of pepper leaf. Long time CO2 enrichment increased biological yield and economic yield. The biological yield and economic yield were increased by 15.2% and 13.0% in the （1 200±50） μL/L treatment. The regulation of Rubisco and RCA active enzymes on the photosynthesis was the key factor of photosynthetic adaptation of pepper, while the change of stomatal conductance was not. [Conclusion] Long time CO2 enrichment of （1 200±50）μL/L was appropriate adjustment measure to increase yields during fruiting of pepper in solar greenhouse.

关 键 词：辣椒 CO2加富 光合生理 温室 辣椒产量 

分 类 号：S626.5[农业科学—园艺学] S641.301