Genetic Similarity Analysis of Hunan Rice Landraces with Same or Similar Name in Household and Genebank Conservations  

农户保存与种质库保存的同近名地方稻品种的遗传多样性研究（英文）

作　　者：JIN Jian-chu LI Xiao-xiang LI Yong-chao PAN Xiao-wu LIU Wen-qiang DUAN Yong-hong YU Ya-ying SHENG Xin-nian ZHAO Wen-jin WEI Xiu-cai 金建楚;李小湘;黎用朝;潘孝武;刘文强;段永红;余亚莹;盛新年;赵文锦;魏秀彩(湖南大学研究生院隆平分院,湖南长沙410125;湖南省农业科学院水稻研究所,湖南长沙410125;农业部长江中下游籼稻遗传育种重点实验室,湖南长沙410125)

机构地区：[1]Long-ping Branch,Graduate School of Hunan University,Changsha 410125,PRC [2]Hunan Institute of Rice Research,Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changsha 410125,PRC [3]Key Laboratory of Indica Rice Genetics and Breeding in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River Valley,Ministry of Agriculture,Changsha 410125,PRC

出　　处：《Agricultural Science & Technology》2018年第3期9-20,共12页农业科学与技术（英文版）

基　　金：Supported by Protection Fund for Species Resources of Ministry of Agriculture(1120162130135252036);the Third Chinese Crop Germplasm Resources Census and Collection;Special Fund for National Modern Agro-Industrial Technology System Construction(nycytx-001)~~

摘　　要：This study was conducted to analyze the phenotypic and genotypic similarity or diversity of rice （Oryza sativa L.） landraces in household and hypothermic genebank conservations in Hunan Province and identify the genetic distance between the rice landraces with the same or similar names. A total of 92 accessions of rice landraces were divided into seven groups according to their local names, but the morphological traits showed large variations even within the same group as well as between household and genebank conservations. The SSR marker analysis showed that, in all the groups except Group E, the allelic variations within each subgroup of the household conservation were less than those of the genebank conservation, indicating the household-conserved rice landraces’ many-generation purifcation from natural and artifcial selections in the process of their cultivation year after year; and the similarity coeffcient among the household rice landraces was the highest except for Groups C and E. Thus, the study suggested that the same-name or similar-name rice resources retained by farmers would be valuable for collection and evaluation.通过对湖南农户自留种原地保存(简称农户保存)与异地低温保存在湖南种质库(简称种质库保存)的92份同近名水稻材料(7组,同近名材料6组)的表现型及基因型进行分析,鉴定同近名品种间遗传距离,为之后有效保存、针对性供种、高效利用提供理论依据。结果表明,供试同近名材料间,及农户保存与种质库保存的同近名材料间在表现型性状上都有极显著差异。通过SSR标记基因型比较农户保存与种质库保存湖南同近名材料,发现除E组外,其他组都是农户保存的等位基因变异数小于种质库保存的等位基因变异数,说明农户保存的材料在年复一年的种植、收种过程中经历了自然选择和人工选择留种,进行了加代纯化。除C、E组外,在同近名组内SSR标记遗传相似系数显示,农户保存的材料间>种质库保存的材料间>农户保存材料与种质库保存材料,表明农户自留种保存的同近名水稻资源值得收集评价。

关 键 词：Rice Rice landrace with same or similar name SSR marker Phenotypic trait Genetic similarity 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]