规模化奶牛场TMR浪费关键点及控制方法  

Key Points and Control Methods of TMR Waste in Large-scale Dairy Cattle Farms

作　　者：王树茂[1] 李红宇[1] 刘立成[2] WANG Shu-mao;LI Hong-yu;LIU Li-cheng(Heilongjiang Animal Science Institute,Qiqihar 161005;Animal Science and Veterinary Institute of Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences,Harbin 150030)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省畜牧研究所,齐齐哈尔161005 [2]黑龙江省农垦科学院畜牧兽医研究所,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《中国奶牛》2018年第11期19-22,共4页China Dairy Cattle

摘　　要：规模化奶牛场饲料成本占牧场整体运营成本的70%左右,是牧场整体运营成本的主要组成部分,与奶牛生产性能共同决定牧场的经济效益。降低饲料成本,提高奶牛生产性能是目前行业公认的获得理想利润空间的有效方法。目前,人们把精力更多地投入到如何开发使用更为廉价的饲料,并通过优化日粮配方降低饲料成本来获取更丰厚的利润,但一些细节性的管理问题却往往被忽略,牧场TMR浪费就属于此类现象。本文主要对牧场发生的可预见的和隐性的TMR浪费现象及其管控措施进行了分析,旨在为经营管理者在牧场节本增效方面提供一些思路,从而更好地节约生产成本,改善牧场经营,获得理想的经济效益。Feeding cost is about 80% of total operating cost for a well-run dairy cattle farm, it is the main part of the overall operating cost of the farm. The economic beneft of the farm is determined by both feeding cost and production performance of dairy cattle on farm.Reducing the feeding cost and improving the performance of dairy cattle are recognized as the most effective way for obtaining an ideal proft space. Some detailed management problems are often ignored by people. The waste of Total Mixed Ration（TMR） belongs to this kind of problem.Here we mainly analyzes the predictable and hidden TMR wast problems and the measures of how to control these kinds of waste. The purpose is to provide farm managers with some ideas for improving management effciency and saving costs, so as to save the cost of production, improve the management of farm and obtain the desired economic benefts better.

关 键 词：TMR浪费 节约成本 饲料成本 经济效益 

分 类 号：S823.4[农业科学—畜牧学]