行经支气管针吸活检术检查患者的健康教育需求及影响因素分析  

Analysis on health educational need of patients undergoing endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration examination and its influencing factors

作　　者：茅昌敏 许勤[2] 成静[1] 夏红香[1] 郑妍妍[1] MAO Chang-min;XU Qin;CHENG Jing;XIA Hong-xiang;ZHENG Yan-yan(Department of Thoracic Surgery,the Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University,Jiangsu Cancer Hospital,Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research,Nanjing 210009,Jiangsu,China;School of Nursing,Nanjing Medical University,Nanjing 211166,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学附属肿瘤医院江苏省肿瘤医院江苏省肿瘤防治研究所胸外科,南京护理学硕士研究生210009 [2]南京医科大学护理学院,南京211166

出　　处：《医学研究生学报》2018年第11期1188-1191,共4页Journal of Medical Postgraduates

基　　金：南京医科大学(优势学科二期)"健康促进护理协同创新中心"建设项目(JX21831803/004)

摘　　要：目的超声支气管镜引导下经支气管针吸活检术(EBUS-TBNA),其操作侵入性和刺激性常使检查患者恐惧焦虑。文中通过调查检查患者的健康教育需求并分析其影响因素,为开展针对性的健康教育,保障患者顺利通过检查提供依据。方法自行设计患者健康需求调查问卷,采用便利抽样法对2016年12月至2017年8月在江苏省肿瘤医院胸外科内镜诊疗中心行EBUS-TBNA检查的100例患者进行现况调查,利用SPSS 20.0对问卷调查结果进行统计分析。结果行EBUS-TBNA检查患者的健康教育内容需求均分(68.83±9.80)分,单因素统计分析显示患者在年龄、职业、文化程度、照顾者、医疗费用支付形式方面的得分具有差异(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示文化程度、年龄、医疗费用支付方式是其影响因素,可解释0.189的变异量。健康教育方式需求均分为(13.84±1.30)分,分别为听取专业讲解(4.64±0.58)分,观看操作视频(4.61±0.53)分,阅读图文手册(4.59±0.60)分。结论患者对EBUS-TBNA检查的健康教育需求较高,医护人员应围绕患者的需求形式规范EBUS-TBNA检查健康教育路径。Objective Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration （EBUS-TBNA） examination is a new bronchoscopy for early diagnosis and staging assessment of lung cancer, however it often makes patients scared and worried because of penetration and irritation brought by the operation. The article aimed to investigate the health education need of patients and analyze its influencing factors in order to provide evidence for pointed health education and successful examination. Methods A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate 100 patients with EBUS-TBNA at Thoracic Surgery Department in our hospital, from December 2016 to August 2017. Data were analyzed by SPSS 20.0 software. Results The average score of health education need for patients undergoing EBUS-TBNA examination was （68.83±9.80）. Single factor analysis showed there were differences in the scores of patients＇ ages, jobs, educational levels and medical insurance payment methods（ P 〈 0.05 ）. Multiple linear regression analysis showed the influencing factors included educational level, age and medical insurance payment method, which could explain the mutation value 0.189. The average score of health education need was （13.84±1.30）, including listening to professional explanation （4.64±0.58）, watching operation video（4.61±0.53） and reading education brochures（4.59±0.60）. Conclusion Patients have high health education need for EBUS-TBNA examinations and clinical staff should provide normalized health education pathway based on the patients＇ needs and improve the satisfaction of examination.

关 键 词：经支气管针吸活检术 健康教育 需求 影响因素 

分 类 号：R443.8[医药卫生—诊断学]