注释法学的“拜占庭血统”与“波伦那气质”——以《优士丁尼新律》三个版本的传播史为中心  

Byzantine Origin and Bologna Spirit of Glossators:Focused on Spreading History of Three Versions of Novellae Constitutiones Justinianus

作　　者：高仰光[1] GAO Yangguang(School of law,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院

出　　处：《中国人民大学学报》2018年第6期114-126,共13页Journal of Renmin University of China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目"极权主义之下的法学话语及其反思"(17BFX170)

摘　　要：学界通常认为,注释法学发轫于12世纪的波伦那,是现代西方法学的源头。然而,值此之时,以罗马法注释为载体的法学教育在君士坦丁堡已经存在了五百年之久,并发展出形式多样的注释体例。从《优士丁尼新律》的三个版本在意大利迭次传播的历史中不难发现,波伦那的注释法学与君士坦丁堡既有的法学注释活动之间存在着紧密的"连续性"。但是,从12世纪开始,波伦那在"自我认知"的过程中逐渐树立起区隔于君士坦丁堡的"西方"形象。尽管16至17世纪的学者们明确意识到注释法学有着一脉来自拜占庭的血统,但是大部分学者仍强调注释法学的"波伦那气质"。此种气质在19世纪的欧洲知识界得到了进一步的塑造。整体来看,围绕注释法学的客观历史描述与主观历史想象之间存在着相当大的矛盾。通过重现这一矛盾的形成过程,"连续性"之于当代法律史学的意义才能得到揭示。It is generally held that Glossators, as one origin of modern western legal science, cievel- oped in Bologna from 12th century while there had already been 500-year-long legal education of Ro- man law in Constantinople, evolving multi-formed annotating styles. There was ＂continuity＂ be- tween Bologna and Constantinople, which could be inferred from the successive spreading of the three versions of Novellae Constitutiones Justinianus＇s in Italy. However, Bologna asserted a ＂western＂ image different from Constantinople in the process of ＂self-recognition＂. Overall, there is marked contradiction between objective historical description and subjective historical imagination. The purpose of the paper is to reveal this contradiction and its formation and further reflect the meaning of ＂continuity＂ for modern legal history.

关 键 词：《新律》 注释法学 罗马法复兴 效果历史 连续性 

分 类 号：D909.1[政治法律—法学理论]