滇池沉积物生物炭的热稳定性及化学稳定性特征  

Thermal and chemical stability of biochars derived from sediment in Dianchi Lake

作　　者：石林 陈静文[1] 李浩[1] 王朋[1] 张迪[1,2] SHI Lin;CHEN Jingwen;LI Hao;WANG Peng;ZHANG Di(Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering,Kunming University of Science ＆ Technology,Kunming,650500,China;Yunnan Key Laboratory of Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Controlling,Kunming,650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,昆明650500 [2]云南省土壤固碳与污染控制重点实验室,昆明650500

出　　处：《环境化学》2018年第11期2515-2521,共7页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41663014);云南省中青年学术和技术带头人项目(2018HB008);中国博士后科学基金(2017M610615)资助~~

摘　　要：在200和500℃制备滇池沉积物(泥炭土和草海底泥)生物炭,采用热重分析法和氧化剂氧化法,分别研究其热稳定性和化学稳定性,为判断沉积物生物炭的寿命、指导其应用提供数据和理论基础.研究显示,泥炭土和草海底泥中有机组分的损失主要发生在500℃烧制过程(分别为40%和30%);泥炭土和草海底泥热解后灰分含量分别从44.35%、58.25%升高到58.78%、70.05%(500℃),且脂肪性减弱而芳香性增强.随烧制温度提高,碳结构更加致密,沉积物生物炭热稳定性显著提高.不同温度生物炭的化学稳定性未表现出明显差异,是因为大量的灰分对有机组分提供了较强的保护作用,致使原料和低温生物炭也具有较强的化学稳定性.草海底泥及其生物炭因为灰分含量较高、芳香性较强,热稳定性高于泥炭土.本研究指出,沉积物生物炭稳定性规律不同于传统生物质生物炭,灰分可以明显提高生物炭抵抗环境老化的能力.Biochars were prepared at 200 and 500 ℃ from two types of Dianchi Lake sediments（ peat soil and Caohai sediment）. Thermal and chemical stability of the biochars were tested by thermogravimetric analysis and oxidation method,respectively,so as to understand their persistence and guide practical applications of sediment biochars. The main organic matter loss of peat soil and Caohai sediment（ 40% and 30%,respectively） occurred at 500 ℃. Their ash contents increased from 44.35% and 58. 25% to 58. 78% and 70. 05%,respectively,with enhanced aliphaticity but weakened aromaticity. After sintering, thermal stability of the sediment biochars improved significantly due to the condensed carbon structure. The series sintering temperatures did not affect the chemical stability of biochars,because a lot of ash provided a strong protection for organic carbon. Owing to high content of ash and high aromaticity,the thermal stability of Caohai sediment biochars was higher than that of the peat sediment. This study indicated that the stability of sediment biochars is different from that of traditional biomass biochars due to the high ash content of thesediment biochars.

关 键 词：沉积物 生物炭 灰分 热稳定性 化学稳定性 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]